Documents for "U.S. Political Geography":

• Abbeville city (1990 pop. 11,187), seat of Vermilion parish, S La., on the Vermilion River, with access to the Intracoastal Waterway ; inc. 1850. It is a trade and processing center for a region of rice and sugarcane fields. There is fishing for crawfish, alligator, and crab, as well as varied manufacturing. In Cajun country,...

• Aberdeen . 1 Town (1990 pop. 13,087), Harford co., NE Md., in a farm region; inc. 1892. Just south, on Chesapeake Bay, is the U.S. army's huge Aberdeen Proving Ground, a major research, development, and testing...

• Abilene . 1 City (1990 pop. 6,242), seat of Dickinson co., central Kans., on the Smoky Hill River; inc. 1869. It was (1867-71) a railhead for a large cattle-raising region extending SW into Texas. Millions of...

• Abington township (1990 pop. 59,084), Montgomery co., SE Pa., a residential suburb of Philadelphia; settled 1696, inc. 1906. The site of combat during the Revolutionary War, Abington has abrasives and other...

• Acoma or Ácoma , pueblo (1990 pop. 2,590), alt. c.7,000 ft (2,130 m), Valencia co., W central N.Mex.; founded c.1100-1250. This "sky city" atop a steep-sided sandstone mesa, 357 ft (109 m) high and hard of access, is considered to be the oldest continuously inhabited community in the United States. The residents, who speak a Western...

• Acton town (1990 pop. 17,872), Middlesex co., E Mass., NW of Boston; settled c.1680, inc. 1735. Among its manufactures are electrical machinery, chemicals, prefabricated houses, and precision equipment...

• Ada city (1990 pop. 15,820), seat of Pontotoc co., S central Okla.; inc. 1904. It is a large cattle market and the center of a rich oil and ranch area. The city is also noted for horsebreeding,...

• Adams town (1990 pop. 9,445), Berkshire co., NW Mass., in the Berkshires, on the Hoosic River; inc. 1778. Its manufactures include chemicals, textiles, and paper products. The Berkshire region attracts...

• Addison village (1990 pop. 32,058), Du Page co., NE Ill.; inc. 1884. An industrial suburb of Chicago, it manufactures machinery and plastic items.

• Adrian city (1990 pop. 22,097), seat of Lenawee co., SE Mich., on the Raisin River; inc. 1836. It is a manufacturing and trading center for a fertile farm region. Manufactures include machinery,...

• Affton uninc. city (1990 pop. 21,106), St. Louis co., E Mo., a suburb of St. Louis. Manufacturing includes machinery and medical equipment. Settled in the mid-1800s largely by German immigrants, Affton...

• Agawam town (1990 pop. 27,323), Hampden co., S Mass., on the Connecticut River; settled 1636, inc. 1855. Largely residential, the town has robotics, machinery, electronic-equipment, and aircraft-parts...

• Aiea city (1990 pop. 8,906), Honolulu co., Oahu, Hawaii, a residential suburb of Honolulu, on the eastern shore of Pearl Harbor. Once a quiet sugarcane town with a sugar refinery, it is the site of...

• Aiken city (1990 pop. 19,872), seat of Aiken co., W S.C.; inc. 1835. A resort and polo center and a training area for Thoroughbreds, Aiken has apparel, printing and publishing, drug, and chemical...

• Akron city (1990 pop. 223,019), seat of Summit co., NE Ohio, on the Little Cuyahoga River; inc. 1865. Once the heart of the nation's rubber industry, Akron still contains the headquarters of some rubber...

• Alabama ălebăm´e , state in the southeastern United States. It is bordered by Tennessee (N), Georgia (E), Florida and the Gulf of Mexico (S), and Mississippi (W).

• Alameda city (1990 pop. 76,459), Alameda co., W central Calif., on an island just off the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay; settled 1850, inc. as a city 1884. Industries include printing and publishing,...

• Alamogordo city (1990 pop. 27,596), seat of Otero co., S N.Mex., near the Sacramento Mts.; inc. 1912. Holloman Air Force Base, home to U.S. stealth aircraft, is there, and the White Sands Missile Range is...

• Alaska largest in area of the United States but third smallest (exceeding only Vermont and Wyoming) in population, occupying the northwest extremity of the North American continent, separated from the...

• Albany . 1 Residential city (1990 pop. 16,327), Alameda co., W Calif., on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay; inc. 1908. The city has varied manufacturing; Tilden Regional Park is nearby. ...

• Albemarle city (1990 pop. 14,939), seat of Stanly co., central N.C., in the Piedmont region; inc. 1857. A marketing center in an agricultural area of cotton, grain, poultry, soybeans, and livestock,...

• Albert Lea city (1990 pop. 18,310), seat of Freeborn co., S Minn., near the Iowa line; inc. 1878. It is a manufacturing and marketing center in a dairy, livestock, and poultry region. Lea college is located...

• Albion industrial city (1990 pop. 10,066), Calhoun co., S Mich., at the forks of the Kalamazoo River; inc. 1855. In an agricultural area, it produces corn, wheat, soybeans, onions, apples, hogs, cattle,...

• Albuquerque city (1990 pop. 384,736), seat of Bernalillo co., W central N.Mex., on the upper Rio Grande; inc. 1890. The largest city in the state, it is the commercial, industrial, and transportation center...

• Alexander City city (1990 pop. 14,917), Tallapoosa co., E central Ala., in a piedmont farm area; inc. 1874. Nearby Martin Dam supplies power for the city's textile mills; the dam also has created Lake Martin, a...

• Alexandria 1 City (1990 pop. 49,188), seat of Rapides parish, central La., on the Red River; inc. 1818. It is a trade, rail, and medical center for a rich agricultural and timber area. Among its many...

• Alhambra city (1990 pop. 82,106), Los Angeles co., S Calif., a suburb E of Los Angeles; inc. 1903. It has iron and aluminum foundries and manufactures fabricated metal products, corrugated boxes, and...

• Alice city (1990 pop. 19,788), seat of Jim Wells co., S Tex.; inc. 1910. Long a cow town at a railroad junction, Alice remains a cattle-shipping center. Oil and natural gas are also important to its...

• Aliquippa borough (1990 pop. 13,374), Beaver co., W Pa., in an industrialized region along the Ohio River N of Pittsburgh; inc. 1894. Aliquippa grew after the expansion of steel mills in 1909, but most of...

• Alisal Calif.: see Salinas.

• Allen Park city (1990 pop. 31,092), Wayne co., SE Mich., a suburb of Detroit; inc. as a city 1957. Its manufactures include motor vehicle and marine prototypes, liquor, and sheet metal. The area was settled...

• Allentown city (1990 pop. 105,090), seat of Lehigh co., E Pa., on the Lehigh River; inc. as a borough 1811, as a city 1867. The largest city in the agricultural and industrial Lehigh Valley, it is a...

• Alliance city (1990 pop. 23,376), Mahoning and Stark cos., NE Ohio, on the Mahoning River, in a farm area; inc. 1854. It is an industrial, distribution, and rail center, with manufactures of steel, heavy...

• Alpena city (1990 pop. 11,354), seat of Alpena co., N Mich., on Thunder Bay, an arm of Lake Huron; inc. 1871. Limestone quarried nearby is used to make cement, Alpena's chief manufacture. Cement and...

• Altadena uninc. residential city (1990 pop. 42,658), Los Angeles co., S Calif., just N of Pasadena, on the slopes of the San Gabriel Mts.; founded 1887. There is light manufacturing.

• Alton city (1990 pop. 32,905), Madison co., SW Ill., on bluffs of the Mississippi River 5 mi (8.1 km) above its confluence with the Missouri; inc. 1837. Alton is a shipping and industrial center, and...

• Altoona industrial city (1990 pop. 51,881), Blair co., central Pa., on the eastern slopes of the Allegheny Mts., near the source of the Juniata River; settled c.1769, laid out (1849) by the Pennsylvania...

• Altus city (1990 pop. 21,910), seat of Jackson co., SW Okla.; inc. 1907. The city's agricultural products include cotton, wheat, sorghum, and cattle. There is light manufacturing. Altus Air Force Base,...

• Alvin city (1990 pop. 19,220), Brazoria co., S Tex.; inc. 1893. The city is chiefly residential but is near an agricultural area where rice, cotton, soybeans, and pecans are raised. Industries include...

• Amarillo city (1990 pop. 157,615), seat of Potter co., N Tex.; inc. 1899. The commercial and industrial center of the Texas Panhandle, Amarillo grew after the coming of the railroad in 1887, becoming a...

• Ambridge industrial borough (1990 pop. 8,133), Beaver co., W Pa., on the Ohio River; inc. 1905. Founded by and named for the American Bridge Co. in 1901, it now manufactures plastics, processed food,...

• Americus city (1990 pop. 16,512), seat of Sumter co., SW Ga.; inc. 1855. It is a manufacturing city (polyurethane foam, furniture, and fertilizer), a livestock market, and a processing center for the...

• Ames city (1990 pop. 47,198), Story co., central Iowa, on the Skunk River; inc. 1870. Its chief manufactures are electronic, water-analysis, and water-treatment equipment; motor vehicles; construction...

• Amesbury town (1990 pop. 14,997), Essex co., NE Mass., on the Merrimack River; inc. 1668. The town's economy relies on light manufacturing. John Greenleaf Whittier lived there most of his life, and his house...

• Amherst town (1990 pop. 35,228), Hampshire co., central Mass., in a fertile farm area; inc. 1759. Named for Lord Jeffery Amherst , it is a college town. Emily Dickinson was born and lived there all her life. Helen Hunt Jackson was also born there, and Ray Stannard Baker, Eugene Field, Robert Frost, and Noah Webster lived in...

• Amsterdam city (1990 pop. 20,714), Montgomery co., E central N.Y., on the Mohawk River; inc. 1885. Historically famous for the manufacture of carpets, its manufactures now include machinery, apparel, leather...

• Anaconda city (1990 pop. 10,278), seat of Deer Lodge co., SW Mont.; inc. 1887. Marcus Daly chose this place (1883) for the Anaconda Copper Mining Company's processing operations, and in the 1890s tried unsuccessfully to make it Montana's capital. The city's famed high-stacked smelter was...

• Anaheim city (1990 pop. 266,406), Orange co., S Calif., SE of Los Angeles; inc. 1870. Anaheim was founded by Germans in 1857 as an experiment in communal living. In an area once dominated by citrus and...

• Anchorage city (1990 pop. 226,338), Anchorage census div., S central Alaska, a port at the head of Cook Inlet; inc. 1920. It is the largest city in the state, the administrative and commercial heart of S...

• Andalusia city (1990 pop. 9,269), seat of Covington co., S Ala., in a farming and forestry area; inc. 1844. Its manufactures include processed peanuts and pecans, meat products, textiles, lumber, and plywood....

• Anderson 1 City (1990 pop. 59,459), seat of Madison co., E central Ind., on the White River; inc. 1838. It is a manufacturing center in a fertile farm area; automotive parts, fabricated metal products,...

• Andover town (1990 pop. 29,151), Essex co., NE Mass.; inc. 1646. Chiefly a textile producer in the 19th cent., Andover now makes toiletries, electronic and computer equipment, chemicals, medical...

• Ann Arbor city (1990 pop. 109,592), seat of Washtenaw co., S Mich., on the Huron River; inc. 1851. It is a research and educational center, with a large number of government and industrial research and...

• Annapolis city (1990 pop. 33,187), state capital and seat of Anne Arundel co., central Md., on the south bank of the Severn River. Annapolis is a port of entry on Chesapeake Bay and the business and...

• Anniston city (1990 pop. 26,623), seat of Calhoun co., NE Ala., in a mining region of the Appalachian foothills; inc. 1873. Its manufactures include soil pipes, textiles, lumber, bricks, cabinets, and...

• Anoka city (1990 pop. 17,192), seat of Anoka co., E Minn., on the Mississippi at the confluence of the Rum; inc. 1878. Originally a trading post and lumber town, it grew as a farm trade center...

• Ansonia city (1990 pop. 18,403), New Haven co., SW Conn., on the Naugatuck River; inc. as a city 1893. Its manufactures include brass and copper products, iron castings, foundry products, plastics, and...

• Antioch city (1990 pop. 62,195), Contra Costa co., W Calif., on the San Joaquin River near the mouth of the Sacramento; inc. 1872. It is a processing and shipping center for the agricultural products of...

• Appleton city (1990 pop. 65,695), seat of Outagamie co., E Wis., on the Fox River near its exit from the northern end of Lake Winnebago, in a dairying and stockraising region; inc. 1857. Waterfalls provide...

• Appomattox town (1990 pop. 1,707), seat of Appomattox co., central Va.; inc. 1925. Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union general Ulysses S. Grant at nearby Appomattox Courthouse on Apr. 9, 1865. After Gen. Philip Sheridan's victory over the Confederates at Five Forks on Apr. 1, Lee abandoned Petersburg and Richmond and retreated westward. Grant pursued, pressing Lee's...

• Apponaug R.I.: see Warwick.

• Arcadia city (1990 pop. 48,290), Los Angeles co., S Calif., a residential suburb of Los Angeles, at the foot of the San Gabriel Mts.; inc. 1903. Manufactures include electronic equipment, fabricated metal...

• Ardmore city (1990 pop. 23,079), seat of Carter co., S Okla.; inc. 1898. It is the commercial center of an oil and farm area. Its industries include oil refining, tourism, and the manufacture of electronic...

• Arizona state in the southwestern United States. It is bordered by Utah (N), New Mexico (E), Mexico (S), and, across the Colorado R., Nevada and California (W).

• Arkansas state in the south-central United States. It is bordered by Tennessee and Mississippi, across the Mississippi R. (E), Louisiana (S), Texas and Oklahoma (W), and Missouri (N). ...

• Arkansas City city (1990 pop. 12,762), Cowley co., S Kans., at the confluence of the Arkansas and Walnut rivers, near the Okla. border; inc. 1872. Located in an agricultural and oil region (rich oil fields were...

• Arlington county (1990 pop. 170,936), N Va., across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. Arlington is a residential and commercial suburb of Washington. Within its boundaries are Arlington National Cemetery ; Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial ; the Pentagon ; Marymount Univ.; a campus of George Mason Univ.; and Ronald Reagan National Airport. Arlington has many federal facilities and major office developments as well as some industry, including...

• Arlington 1 Town (1990 pop. 44,630), Middlesex co., E Mass., a residential suburb of Boston; settled c.1630 as Menotomy, inc. as West Cambridge 1807, renamed Arlington 1867. The area was the scene of fierce...

• Arlington Heights village (1990 pop. 75,460), Cook county, NE Ill., a residential suburb of Chicago; founded 1836, inc. 1887. Its manufactures include machinery, drugs and medical equipment, and metal fabrication...

• Artesia . 1 City (1990 pop. 15,464), Los Angeles co., S Calif.; founded 1875, inc. 1959. Industries include dairying, printing, and the manufacture of photographic equipment and machinery. It was named for the...

• Arvada city (1990 pop. 89,235), Jefferson and Adams counties, N central Colo., a suburb of Denver; inc. 1904. Primarily residential, Arvada has some light manufacturing. The Arvada Center for the Arts...

• Asbury Park city (1990 pop. 16,799), Monmouth co., E N.J. An Atlantic resort noted for its beach, boardwalk, and convention hall, it has declined since the 1960s. The burning liner Morro Castle grounded off the...

• Asheboro town (1990 pop. 16,362), seat of Randolph co., central N.C., in the Piedmont; inc. 1796. Manufactures include transportation equipment, furniture, small appliances, apparel, shoes, and lumber. A...

• Asheville city (1990 pop. 61,607), seat of Buncombe co., W N.C., on the French Broad and Swannanoa rivers and on a plateau in the Blue Ridge Mts.; inc. 1797. Near Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the...

• Ashland . 1 Industrial city (1990 pop. 23,622), Boyd co., E Ky., on terraces along the Ohio River near the influx of the Big Sandy; settled 1786, inc. 1854. Located in a region that produces chemicals, lumber,...

• Ashtabula city (1990 pop. 21,633), Ashtabula co., NE Ohio, on Lake Erie at the mouth of the Ashtabula River; settled c.1801 by New Englanders, inc. as a village 1831, as a city 1891. It is a port of entry...

• Aspen city (1990 pop. 5,049), alt. 7,850 ft (2,390 m), seat of Pitkin co., S central Colo., on the Roaring Fork River; founded c.1879 by silver prospectors, inc. 1881. Declining after an 1880s-90s boom,...

• Astoria . 1 Commercial, industrial, and residential section of NW Queens borough of New York City, SE N.Y.; settled in the 17th cent. as Hallet's Cove. It was renamed for John Jacob Astor in 1839. It is an...

• Atascadero uninc. town (1990 pop. 23,138), San Luis Obispo co., SW Calif., on the Salinas River; founded 1913 as a model community. It is a residential and farming town, with cattle, grain, fruits,...

• Atchison city (1990 pop. 10,656), seat of Atchison co., NE Kans., on the Missouri River; inc. 1881. It is a trade and industrial center in a rich grain producing area. Atchison was founded (1854) near a...

• Athens 1 City (1990 pop. 45,734), seat of Clarke co., NE Ga., on the Oconee River, in a piedmont area; inc. 1806. The city was founded as the site of the Univ. of Georgia. Its industries include poultry...

• Athol town (1990 pop. 11,451), Worcester co., N Mass.; inc. 1762. Athol manufactures furniture, toys, lumber, textiles, and precision tools. The area was settled in 1735.

• Atlanta city (1990 pop. 394,017), state capital and seat of Fulton co., NW Ga., on the Chattahoochee R. and Peachtree Creek, near the Appalachian foothills; inc. 1847. It is Georgia's largest city and one...

• Atlantic City city (1990 pop. 37,986), Atlantic co., SE N.J., an Atlantic resort and convention center; settled c.1790, inc. 1854. Situated on Absecon Island, a barrier island 10 mi (16.1 km) long, Atlantic City...

• Attleboro industrial city (1990 pop. 38,383), Bristol co., SE Mass., near the R.I. line; settled 1634, inc. as a city 1914. Its jewelry industry began in 1780; silverware, scientific instruments, and...

• Atwater city (1990 pop. 22,282), Merced co., central Calif., in the San Joaquin valley; inc. 1922. It is the processing and commercial center of an irrigated farming area. National wildlife refuges are...

• Auburn . 1 City (1990 pop. 33,830), Lee co., E Ala.; inc. 1839. The city's economy centers around Auburn Univ. ; there is some manufacturing. 2 City (1990 pop. 24,309), seat of Androscoggin co., SW Maine, on the Androscoggin River (crossed by several bridges) opposite Lewiston ; settled 1765 on the site of a Native American village, inc. 1842. With Lewiston, Auburn long formed one of the most important industrial complexes in Maine. Abundant water power spurred a large...

• Audubon borough (1990 pop. 9,205), Camden co., SW N.J., a suburb of Camden; inc. 1905. Audubon is mostly residential. It was named after John James Audubon , the ornithologist, who studied the birds of the...

• Augusta . 1 City (1990 pop. 44,639), seat of Richmond co., E Ga.; inc. 1798. At the head of navigation on the Savannah River and protected by levees, Augusta is the trade center for a broad band of counties in...

• Aurora . 1 City (1990 pop. 222,103), Adams and Arapahoe counties, N central Colo., a growing suburb on the east side of Denver; inc. 1903. Founded during the silver boom of the 1890s, it is now a business and...

• Austin 1 City (1990 pop. 21,907), seat of Mower co., SE Minn., on the Cedar River, near the Iowa line; inc. 1868. The commercial and industrial center of a rich farm region, it is noted as home to the...

• Avon Lake city (1990 pop. 15,066), Lorain co., NE Ohio, on Lake Erie; inc. 1917. It is chiefly a residential suburb of the Cleveland-NE Ohio industrial area. The city has an electric power plant;...

• Azusa city (1990 pop. 41,333), Los Angeles co., S Calif., in the San Gabriel valley; inc. 1898. It is a residential and industrial city in a citrus-fruit growing area. Its varied manufactures include...

• Babylon residential village (1990 pop. 12,249), Suffolk co., SE N.Y., on Long Island, on Great South Bay; settled 1689, inc. 1893. The first U.S. wireless station was built there by Marconi.

• Bainbridge city (1990 pop. 10,712), seat of Decatur co., SW Ga., on the Flint River; inc. 1829. It grew up around a fort, used by Andrew Jackson, that was constructed during the Indian Wars of 1817-1821. The...

• Bakersfield city (1990 pop. 174,820), seat of Kern co., S central Calif., at the southern end of the San Joaquin valley; inc. 1898. It is an oil, mining, and agricultural center and one of the fastest-growing...

• Baldwin 1 Uninc. city (1990 pop. 22,719), Nassau co., SE N.Y., on the south shore of Long Island, on Baldwin Bay; settled 1640s. A fishing center and summer resort, it has varied manufactures. 2 Borough...

• Baldwin Park city (1990 pop. 69,330), Los Angeles co., S Calif., a suburb of Los Angeles, in the fertile San Gabriel valley; settled 1870, inc. 1956. Its industries include metal fabrication, printing, and...

• Ballwin city (1990 pop. 21,816), St. Louis co., E Mo., a suburb of St. Louis; settled 1803 as Ballshow, renamed 1837, inc. 1950. It is mainly residential and commercial with some light industry.

• Baltimore city (1990 pop. 736,014), N central Md., surrounded by but politically independent of Baltimore co., on the Patapsco River estuary, an arm of Chesapeake Bay; inc. 1745. The largest city in the...

• Bangor city (1990 pop. 33,181), seat of Penobscot co., S Maine, at the confluence of the Penobscot and Kenduskeag rivers; inc. as a town 1791, as a city 1834. It is a port of entry, commercial center,...

• Bannack SW Mont. Founded in 1862 when gold was discovered along Grasshopper Creek, Bannack was the first town in Montana and was the first territorial capital (1864-65). It declined when many miners left...

• Banning resort city (1990 pop. 20,570), Riverside co., S Calif., in a fruit-growing area between Mt. San Jacinto and Mt. San Gorgonio; inc. 1913. Consumer goods and electrical equipment are manufactured...

• Bar Harbor town (1990 pop. 2,768), SE Maine, on Mount Desert Island and on Frenchman Bay; settled 1763, inc. 1796. It was a famed New England resort during the 19th cent. Bar Harbor is a port of entry, with ferry connections to Yarmouth, N.S., during the summer. In...

• Barberton city (1990 pop. 27,623), Summit co., NE Ohio, an industrial suburb of Akron, on the Tuscarawas River; inc. 1892. Rubber products, metal- and ironwork, boilers, and insulation are among its...

• Bardstown city (1990 pop. 6,801), seat of Nelson co., central Ky., SE of Louisville, in a rich farm area; settled 1775, inc. 1788. The city has distilleries and varied manufacturing including furniture,...

• Barnstable town (1990 pop. 40,949), seat of Barnstable co., SE Mass.; inc. 1639. It is a resort town on Cape Cod. Industries are tourism, fishing, and cranberry farming. Barnstable comprises seven villages,...

• Barre city (1990 pop. 9,482), Washington co., central Vt., SE of Montpelier; settled late 18th cent., inc. 1894. Granite quarrying, which began in the region in the early 19th cent., is still important...

• Barrington town (1990 pop. 15,849), Bristol co., E R.I., on the Barrington River; settled c.1670, included in Massachusetts until 1746, inc. 1770. It is a residential and resort area. Barrington College is...

• Barrow city (1990 pop. 3,469), N Alaska; inc. 1958. It is the northernmost (71° 16′ N) U.S. settlement and the trade center of the Alaska North Slope. Government agencies, Eskimo crafts, and tourism...

• Barstow city (1990 pop. 21,472), San Bernardino co., SE Calif., on the dry Mojave River; founded in the 1880s as a silver-mining town, inc. 1947. Railroad shops and the Goldstone space tracking station...

• Bartlesville city (1990 pop. 34,256), seat of Washington co., NE Okla., on the Caney River; inc. 1897. It is a distribution center for a ranching and rich oil-producing area. Petroleum production, marketing,...

• Bartow city (1990 pop. 14,716), seat of Polk co., central Fla.; inc. 1882. The economy is based on the production of phosphate and the raising of citrus fruit and cattle. Bartow was established in 1853 on...

• Bastrop city (1990 pop. 13,916), seat of Morehouse parish, NE La.; founded c.1845. An industrial city in a cattle, cotton, rice, and timber area, Bastrop is the center of the huge Monroe natural gas field...

• Batavia city (1990 pop. 16,310), seat of Genesee co., W N.Y.; inc. 1915. It was laid out in 1801 by Joseph Ellicott, agent for the Holland Land Company. Batavia produces a variety of light manufactures...

• Bath city (1990 pop. 9,799), seat of Sagadahoc co., SW Maine, on the west bank of the Kennebec River near its mouth on the Atlantic; settled c.1670, inc. as a city 1847. It is a port of entry with a...

• Baton Rouge [Fr.,=red stick], city (1990 pop. 219,531), state capital and seat of East Baton Rouge parish, SE La., on a bluff along the eastern bank of the Mississippi River; inc. 1817. It is a busy deepwater...

• Battle Creek city (1990 pop. 53,540), Calhoun co., S Mich., at the confluence of the Kalamazoo and Battle Creek rivers; settled 1831, inc. as a city 1859. It is an agricultural trade center known for its...

• Bay City 1 City (1990 pop. 38,936), seat of Bay co., S Mich., a port of entry on the Saginaw River at its mouth on Saginaw Bay (an inlet of Lake Huron); inc. 1859 with the consolidation of several settlements...

• Bay Shore uninc. village (1990 pop. 21,279), Islip town, Suffolk co., SE N.Y., on the south shore of Long Island, at the widest point of Great South Bay; founded 1708. A long-time fishing and duck-hunting...

• Bay Village city (1990 pop. 17,000), Cuyahoga co., NE Ohio, a suburb of Cleveland; inc. 1903. It is a residential community with some light industry.

• Bayonne city (1990 pop. 61,444), Hudson co., NE N.J., on a 3-mi (4.8-km) peninsula; inc. 1869. It has textile, machinery, and oil and chemical industries. Its huge oil refineries have operated since 1875...

• Baytown city (1990 pop. 63,850), Harris co., S Tex., at the head of Galveston Bay, on the Houston ship channel; inc. 1948 after the consolidation of Goose Creek, Pelly, and Baytown. In addition to its huge...

• Beacon city (1990 pop. 13,243), Dutchess co., SE N.Y., on the E bank of the Hudson River; settled 1663, inc. in 1913 when Fishkill Landing and Matteawan villages were united. Beacon's textile, printing,...

• Bear Mountain peak, 1,284 ft (391 m) high, SE N.Y., overlooking the Hudson River. The Bear Mt. section of the Palisades Interstate Park, with facilities for both summer and winter sports, is popular among New...

• Beatrice city (1990 pop. 12,354), seat of Gage co., SE Nebr., on the Big Blue River; inc. as a city 1873. On the old Oregon Trail , it is the trading and industrial center for a grain, dairy, and livestock area. Manufactures include tools, concrete, metal, and wood products, machinery, processed food, and animal feed. Nearby...

• Beaumont city (1990 pop. 114,323), seat of Jefferson co., Tex., on the Sabine-Neches Waterway; inc. 1838. A ship channel provides the facilities of a modern deepwater port, with shipyards and large storage...

• Beaver Dam city (1990 pop. 14,196), Dodge co., SE Wis., on Beaver Dam Lake, in a productive farm and dairy area; inc. 1856. Industries included food processing, metal and metal products fabrication, printing,...

• Beaver Falls city (1990 pop. 10,687), Beaver co., W Pa., on falls of the Beaver River near its junction with the Ohio; settled c.1793, inc. 1868. A steel center in an area of coal mines, natural gas deposits,...

• Beaverton city (1990 pop. 53,310), Washington co., NW Oreg., a suburb of Portland, in a farm area; inc. 1893. Beaverton is the heart of the Silicon Forest high-technology manufacturing complex. Headquarters...

• Beckley city (1990 pop. 18,296), seat of Raleigh co., S W.Va.; inc. 1927. Beckley's major industries include tourism, agriculture (livestock, cotton, grain, nursery stock), and manufacturing (machinery,...

• Bedford 1 City (1990 pop. 13,817), seat of Lawrence co., S Ind.; inc. 1889. Bedford limestone, quarried there and shipped all over the world, was used in the construction of the Empire State Building and the...

• Bedford Heights city (1990 pop. 12,131), Cuyahoga co., N Ohio, a residential suburb of Cleveland; inc. 1951.

• Beech Grove city (1990 pop. 13,383), Marion co., central Ind.; inc. 1906. Primarily residential, it has flour and wheat milling.

• Beeville city (1990 pop. 13,547), seat of Bee co., S Tex.; settled in the 1830s, inc. 1908. Long a cow town, Beeville is the trade center of an agricultural county. A naval air training station is nearby.

• Bell city (1990 pop. 34,365), Los Angeles co., S Calif.; inc. 1927. It is chiefly residential, with printing, metal fabrication, and the manufacture of industrial machinery and lighting fixtures.

• Bell Gardens city (1990 pop. 42,355), Los Angeles co., S Calif., a suburb of Los Angeles; inc. 1961. Manufactures include tools, motor vehicle parts, and fabricated wire products.

• Belle Glade city (1990 pop. 16,177), Palm Beach co., SE Fla., near the southern tip of Lake Okeechobee; inc. 1928. Belle Glade is a trade and processing center for a truck farm, sugarcane, and cattle-producing...

• Bellefontaine city (1990 pop. 12,142), seat of Logan co., W central Ohio; settled 1818, inc. 1835. It is a trade and rail center for a farm area. Manufactures include electrical equipment, small motors, and...

• Bellefontaine Neighbors city (1990 pop. 10,922), St. Louis co., E Mo., a residential suburb of St. Louis; founded c.1819, inc. 1950.

• Belleville 1 City (1990 pop. 42,785), seat of St. Clair co., SW Ill.; inc. 1819. Located in a coal-mining area, Belleville also has farm-related industries and printing, food processing, and a large variety of...

• Bellevue . 1 City (1990 pop. 30,982), Sarpy co., E Nebr., a suburb of Omaha, on the Missouri River; inc. 1855. A railroad junction, it has manufacturing (fertilizers, computer and communication equipment, food,...

• Bellflower city (1990 pop. 61,815), Los Angeles co., S Calif.; inc. 1957. It is mainly residential with some light industry (fabricated metal products, steel foundry, rubber goods).

• Bellingham city (1990 pop. 52,179), seat of Whatcom co., NW Wash., a port of entry on Bellingham Bay, one of the best harbors on the U.S. Pacific coast, near Canada; inc. 1904. It is an important shipping...

• Bellmawr residential borough (1990 pop. 12,603), Camden co., SW N.J.; inc. 1926. There is light manufacturing.

• Bellwood residential village (1990 pop. 20,241), Cook co., NE Ill.; inc. 1900. Among Bellwood's manufactures are consumer goods, brass items, paper and concrete products, and adhesives.

• Belmont . 1 City (1990 pop. 24,127), San Mateo co., W Calif., a residential suburb midway between San Francisco and San Jose; laid out 1851, inc. 1926. There is light manufacturing, and the College of Notre...

• Beloit city (1990 pop. 35,573), Rock co., S Wis., on the Rock River; inc. 1846. It lies in an agricultural area. Beloit's manufactures include papermaking machinery, engines, food, and knives. A trading...

• Belvidere city (1990 pop. 15,958), seat of Boone co., N Ill., on the Kishwaukee River; inc. 1847. It is a farm trade center. Manufactures include insulating parts, salon equipment, ice cream, and fabricated...

• Bemidji city (1990 pop. 11,245), seat of Beltrami co., N central Minn., on lakes Bemidji and Irving, through which flows the Mississippi River; inc. 1896. It is in a summer and winter resort and sport...

• Bend city (1990 pop. 20,469), seat of Deschutes co., W central Oregon, on the Deschutes River, at the eastern foot of the Cascade Range; inc. 1904. Lumbering is the primary industry, and tourism is also...

• Bennington town (1990 pop. 16,451), seat of Bennington co., SW Vt.; chartered 1749, settled 1761. It includes the villages of North Bennington and Old Bennington. The town manufactures transportation...

• Bensenville village (1990 pop. 17,767), Cook and Du Page counties, NE Ill., a suburb of Chicago; inc. 1894. It has varied light manufactures. O'Hare International Airport is nearby.

• Benton city (1990 pop. 18,177), seat of Saline co., central Ark.; founded 1836. Once a significant aluminum producer, the city manufactures fabricated-metal and wood products.

• Benton Harbor city (1990 pop. 12,818), Berrien co., SW Mich., on Lake Michigan at the mouth of the St. Joseph River opposite St. Joseph; inc. 1869. A long-time fruit industry, tourist, and industrial center,...

• Bentonville city (2000 pop. 19,730), seat of Benton co., extreme NW Ark., in the Ozark Mts.; settled 1837 and named for Senator Thomas Hart Benton. Local industries produce fabricated metal products, plastic molding, electronic equipment, textiles, cutting tools, modular homes, and foods but the city is best known as the site of the corporate...

• Berea city (1990 pop. 19,051), Cuyahoga co., NE Ohio, a suburb of Cleveland; settled 1809, inc. as a city 1930. Berea is a residential community with a number of industries, such as plastics, alloy, and...

• Bergen N.J.: see Jersey City.

• Bergenfield borough (1990 pop. 24,458), Bergen co., NE N.J.; inc. 1894. It is mainly residential with some light industry. Its Old South Church was built in 1799.

• Berkeley city (1990 pop. 102,724), Alameda co., W Calif., on the E shore of San Francisco Bay just N of Oakland ; inc. 1878. Originally (1820) part of a Spanish rancho, the site was purchased by Americans in 1853. The city's population increased significantly after it was unaffected by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The main campus (1873) of the Univ. of...

• Berkley city (1990 pop. 16,960), Oakland co., SE Mich., a suburb of Detroit; inc. 1932. It is chiefly residential.

• Berlin city (1990 pop. 11,824), Coos co., NE N.H., in the White Mts. at falls of the Androscoggin; inc. 1829. In a heavily forested region, it early became the site of pulp and paper mills; fabricated...

• Berwyn city (1990 pop. 45,426), Cook co., NE Ill., a residential suburb of Chicago, on the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; inc. 1891. It has varied light industry and manufactures.

• Bessemer bĕs´emer , city (1990 pop. 33,497), Jefferson co., N central Ala.; inc. 1887. Founded as a mining town in a mineral-rich area, it was named after Sir Henry Bessemer , inventor of the Bessemer...

• Bethany city (1990 pop. 20,075), Oklahoma co., central Okla.; inc. 1910. Its manufactures include small airplanes and tires. Bethany was settled in 1906 by members of the Nazarene church, and Southern...

• Bethel town (1990 pop. 17,541), Fairfield co., SW Conn.; inc. 1855. Manufactures include wire, textiles, fabricated-metal and tool-and-die products; chemicals; and electronic, dental, and optical...

• Bethesda uninc. city (1990 pop. 62,936), Montgomery co., W central Md., an affluent residential and commercial suburb of Washington, D.C. The area was settled in the late 17th cent. and takes its name from...

• Bethlehem city (1990 pop. 71,428), Northampton and Lehigh counties, E Pa., on the Lehigh R. near Allentown and Easton; inc. as a city 1917. Local manufacturing, once dominated by the giant Bethlehem Steel...

• Bethpage uninc. village (1990 pop. 15,761, including Old Bethpage), Nassau co., SE N.Y., on W Long Island. Northrop Grumman Corporation's large defense plant here is being partly redeveloped for...

• Bettendorf city (1990 pop. 28,132), Scott co., E Iowa, on the Mississippi River; settled c.1840, inc. 1903. Manufactures include transportation equipment, asphalt, pools and spas, and electronic products;...

• Beverly city (1990 pop. 38,195), Essex co., NE Mass., on Massachusetts Bay; inc. as a city 1894. Its chief manufactures are electronic and scientific equipment, consumer goods, and chemicals. Beverly was...

• Beverly Hills city (1990 pop. 31,971), Los Angeles co., S Calif., completely surrounded by the city of Los Angeles; inc. 1914. The largely residential city is home to many motion-picture and television...

• Bexley city (1990 pop. 13,088), Franklin co., central Ohio; inc. 1908. It is a residential community completely within the confines of Columbus.

• Biddeford city (1990 pop. 20,710), York co., SW Maine, on the Saco River; inc. as a town 1718, as a city 1855. Settled in 1630, the town exported lumber and fish, and in 1840 the first cotton mill was...

• Big Island see Hawaii , island.

• Big Rapids city (1990 pop. 12,603), seat of Mecosta co., W central Mich., at the falls of the Muskegon River; inc. 1869. Agriculture and light manufacturing predominate, and Big Rapids serves as a shipping...

• Big Spring city (1990 pop. 23,093), seat of Howard co., W central Tex.; inc. 1907. The spring for which it was named once fed a branch of the Colorado River but has become dry. The city is the trade center...

• Billerica town (1990 pop. 37,609), Middlesex co., NE Mass., on the Concord River; settled 1637, inc. 1655. An important high-tech center, its manufactures include computer hardware and software, precision...

• Billings city (1990 pop. 81,151), seat of Yellowstone co., S Mont., on the Yellowstone River, in a valley surrounded by seven mountain ranges; inc. as a city 1885. Founded in 1882 by the Northern Pacific...

• Biloxi city (1990 pop. 46,319), Harrison co., SE Miss., on a peninsula between Biloxi Bay and Mississippi Sound, on the Gulf of Mexico; inc. as a town 1838, as a city 1896. Industries here include...

• Bingham Canyon or Bingham, uninc. village, N central Utah, near Tooele, in a canyon of the Oquirrh Mts. SW of Salt Lake City. At first (1848) a farm of the Mormons Thomas and Sanford Bingham, it became in the 1860s a roaring...

• Binghamton industrial city (1990 pop. 53,008), seat of Broome co., S central N.Y., at the confluence of the Chenango and the Susquehanna rivers; settled 1787, inc. as a city 1867. It is the largest of the...

• Birmingham