Documents for "Cell Biology: Biographies":

• Baer, Karl Ernst von 1792-1876, Estonian biologist. He was a professor at Würzburg and Königsberg and from 1834 at St. Petersburg. Considered a founder of modern embryology, he discovered the notochord as well as the...

• Balfour, Arthur James Balfour, 1st earl of 1848-1930, British statesman; nephew of the 3d marquess of Salisbury. He entered parliament as a Conservative in 1874 and served as secretary to his uncle at the Congress of Berlin (1878). Although associated with the "Fourth Party" of Lord Randolph Churchill , he remained close to Salisbury, serving as president of the Local Government Board (1885-86) and secretary for Scotland (1886). As chief secretary for Ireland (1887-91) Balfour was a resolute...

• Balfour, Francis Maitland 1851-82, Scottish embryologist; brother of A. J. Balfour. He was an early exponent of recapitulation. His Treatise on Comparative Embryology (2 vol., 1880-81) is a classic treatment of the evolution...

• Bishop, John Michael 1936-, American biologist, b. York, Penn., M.D. Harvard, 1962. He worked (1964-68) as a researcher at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md., before joining the faculty of the Univ. of...

• Fischer, Edmond H. 1920-, American biologist, b. Shanghai, China. As researchers at the Univ. of Washington in Seattle, Fischer and Edwin G. Krebs discovered a biological regulatory mechanism, reversible protein phosphorylation, that affects nearly all human cells. For their work, Krebs and Fischer shared the 1992 Nobel Prize in Physiology or...

• Harrison, Ross Granville 1870-1959, American biologist and anatomist, b. Germantown, Pa., Ph.D. Johns Hopkins, 1894. He went to Yale as professor of comparative anatomy in 1907 and held various honorary positions there...

• Hertwig, Oscar 1849-1922, German embryologist. He studied medicine with Haeckel and Gegenbaur. In 1875 he established the fact that fertilization consists of the union of the nuclei of a male and a female sex...

• Krebs, Edwin 1918-, American biologist. He and fellow Univ. of Washington professor Edmond Fischer discovered a biological regulatory mechanism, reversable protein phosphorylation, that affects nearly all human cells. For their work, Krebs and Fischer shared the 1992 Nobel Prize in Physiology or...

• Levi-Montalcini, Rita 1909-, Italian-American neurologist, b. Turin, Italy. A dual citizen of Italy and the United States, Levi-Montalcini did her most important work at Washington Univ. with Stanley Cohen. Studying mouse tumors implanted in chicken embryos, the pair isolated a nerve-growth factor, the first of many cell-growth factors found in animals. For this discovery Levi-Montalcini and Cohen...

• Lillie, Frank Rattray 1870-1947, American zoologist and educator, b. Toronto, B.A. Univ. of Toronto, 1891, Ph.D. Univ. of Chicago, 1894. He taught, conducted research, and was an administrator at the Univ. of Chicago...

• Roux, Wilhelm 1850-1924, German anatomist, a founder of experimental embryology. He was a pupil of Ernst Haeckel and a professor (1895-1921) at the Univ. of Halle. In his studies of the relationship of...

• Schultze, Max Johann Sigismund 1825-74, German biologist, director of the Anatomical Institute at Bonn from 1859. He established that the cells of all organisms are composed of protoplasm and contain a nucleus. He also studied...

• Schwann, Theodor 1810-82, German physiologist and histologist. He was a student of J. P. Müller and professor at the universities of Louvain (1838-48) and Liège (from 1848). A cofounder (with Matthias Schleiden)...

• Spemann, Hans 1869-1941, German embryologist. He was professor of zoology (1919-35) at the Univ. of Freiburg. By transplanting embryonic tissue to a new location or to another embryo, he investigated the agency...

• Temin, Howard Martin 1934-94, American virologist, b. Philadelphia, Ph.D. California Institute of Technology, 1959. A professor at the Univ. of Wisconsin in Madison, Temin began his cancer research while still a...

• Wolff, Caspar Friedrich 1733-94, German biologist, a founder of observational embryology. In his Theoria generationis (1759) he reintroduced the theory of epigenesis to replace the then current theory of preformation, directing attention to the evidence of comparative development in plants and animals. He spent...