Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius , 1822-88, German mathematical physicist. A pioneer in the science of thermodynamics, he introduced the concept of entropy and restated the second law of thermodynamics: heat cannot of itself pass from a colder to a hotter body. He applied his researches on heat, electricity, and molecular physics to the development of the kinetic theory of gases and in formulating a theory of electrolysis wherein he states that electric forces are merely directing agents in the interchange of ions. A professor at the Polytechnic Institute, Zürich (1855-67), and at the universities of Würzburg (1867-69) and Bonn (from 1869), he wrote Die Potentialfunktion und das Potential (1859) and Die mechanische Wärmetheorie (1865-67; tr. The Mechanical Theory of Heat, 1879).
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
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Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius
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