Carloman, d. 754, mayor of the palace in the kingdom of Austrasia after the death (741) of his father, Charles Martel. Ruling with his brother, Pepin the Short, he carried on successful wars against the dukes of Aquitaine, the Saxons, the Swabians, and the Bavarians. The brothers helped St. Boniface reform the Frankish Church, bringing church and state into closer relationship. In 747, Carloman retired to a monastery.

Carloman, 751–71, son of Pepin the Short. He and his brother, Charlemagne, shared the succession to their father's kingdom; Carloman ruled the southern portion. Attempts to end rivalry between the brothers failed, and when Carloman died Charlemagne seized his domain. Carloman's wife and children went to the court of Desiderius, who, as an enemy of Charlemagne, supported their claims.

Carloman, d. 884, king of the West Franks (France), son of King Louis II (Louis the Stammerer). He became joint ruler with his brother Louis III in 879. His reign was disturbed by revolts in Burgundy, by the loss (879) of Provence to Boso, count of Arles, and by an invasion of the Normans. He became sole ruler at his brother's death (882). He was succeeded as French king by Emperor of the West Charles III (Charles the Fat).

Carloman (kär´lōmän´), d. 880, king of Bavaria, Carinthia, Pannonia, and Moravia (876–80) and of Italy (877–80), son of Louis the German and father of Arnulf, emperor of the West. He failed (875) to prevent the assumption of the imperial crown by his uncle, Charles II (Charles the Bald). In 879 he was incapacitated by a paralytic stroke and transferred to his brothers the authority to rule. He was the first German king to become king of Italy.