Junín (hōōnēn´), city (1991 pop. 70,138), Buenos Aires prov., E Argentina, on the Salado River. It is a busy commercial center for an agricultural and livestock area. There are important railroad repair shops. Its fishing industry has developed gradually. Junín began as a frontier fort (est. 1827) during the struggle against the Native Americans of Pampa.

Junín, city (1993 pop. 16,183), W central Peru, in the Andes. In the vicinity on Aug. 6, 1824, Simón Bolívar, aided by Antonio José de Sucre, defeated the Spanish general José Canterac in the first important battle leading to Peruvian independence. The surrounding area is rich in mineral, hydroelectric, and agricultural resources.