Gallatin, city (1990 pop. 18,794), seat of Sumner co., N central Tenn., near Nashville; inc. 1815. It is a livestock and agricultural center that produces tobacco. Tennessee walking horses are bred, and manufactures include motor vehicle parts, tobacco goods, furniture, and boats. Nearby is Old Hickory Lake, a fishing and recreation area. The city is named for Albert Gallatin, secretary of the treasury under Presidents Jefferson and Madison. Andrew Jackson's home, the Hermitage, is nearby.

Gallatin, river, c.120 mi (190 km) long, rising in the Gallatin Range in the northwest corner of Yellowstone National Park, NW Wyo., and flowing generally northwest to join the Madison and Jefferson rivers at the Three Forks of the Missouri, SW Mont. The river is used for irrigation.