Plants and Animals
Agriculture and Horticulture
Horticulture
espalier

espalier

oxford

views updated May 29 2018

es·pal·ier / iˈspalyər; -yā/ • n. a fruit tree or ornamental shrub whose branches are trained to grow flat against a wall, supported on a framework.

The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

MLA
Chicago
APA

"espalier ." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. . Encyclopedia.com. 18 Dec. 2024 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"espalier ." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. . Encyclopedia.com. (December 18, 2024). https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/espalier-0

"espalier ." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. . Retrieved December 18, 2024 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/espalier-0

Learn more about citation styles

Citation styles

Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA).

Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list.

Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites:

Notes:

Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates.
In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list.

espalier

oxford

views updated May 17 2018

espalier.
1. Lattice-work trellis upon which tree-branches are trained in horizontal directions.

2. Row of trees so trained, without the trellis.

A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture JAMES STEVENS CURL

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

MLA
Chicago
APA

JAMES STEVENS CURL "espalier ." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. . Encyclopedia.com. 18 Dec. 2024 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JAMES STEVENS CURL "espalier ." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. . Encyclopedia.com. (December 18, 2024). https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/espalier

JAMES STEVENS CURL "espalier ." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. . Retrieved December 18, 2024 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/espalier

Learn more about citation styles

Citation styles

Modern Language Association

http://www.mla.org/style

The Chicago Manual of Style

http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html

American Psychological Association

http://apastyle.apa.org/

Notes:

Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates.
In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list.

espalier

oxford

views updated May 23 2018

espalier XVII. — F. — It. spalliera applied to supports for the shoulders, hence to stakes of that height, f. spalla shoulder.

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology T. F. HOAD

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

MLA
Chicago
APA

T. F. HOAD "espalier ." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. . Encyclopedia.com. 18 Dec. 2024 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.

T. F. HOAD "espalier ." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. . Encyclopedia.com. (December 18, 2024). https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/espalier-1

T. F. HOAD "espalier ." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. . Retrieved December 18, 2024 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/espalier-1

Learn more about citation styles

Citation styles

Modern Language Association

http://www.mla.org/style

The Chicago Manual of Style

http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html

American Psychological Association

http://apastyle.apa.org/

Notes:

Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates.
In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list.