Medieval Europe 814-1450: Philosophy

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chapter six
PHILOSOPHY

R.JamesLong

IMPORTANT EVENTS … 258
OVERVIEW … 260
TOPICS

The Foundations: Augustine and Boethius … 261
Rationalism in The Age of Charlemagne … 264
Anselm of Canterbury … 265
The Problem Of Universals … 266
The Schools of the Twelfth Century … 268
Philosophy Among the Muslims and the Jews … 270
The Universities, Textbooks, and the Flowering of Scholasticism … 273
The Rediscovery Of Aristotle … 275
Oxford Philosophy … 276
Latin Averroism … 278
Thomism … 279
The Conservative Reaction and The Condemnation of 1277 … 281
The Scotist Way … 283
The Modern Way and the Triumph of Nominalism … 284
The Retreat From Reason: Mysticism … 286

SIGNIFICANT PEOPLE

Averroës … 288
Roger Bacon … 289
Moses Maimonides … 290
Thomas Aquinas … 291
William of Ockham … 292

DOCUMENTARY SOURCES … 293

SIDEBARS AND PRIMARY DOCUMENTS
Primary sources are listed in italics
Medieval Philosophical Terms … 262
Anselm's Argument for the Existence of God (excerpt from Anselm's Proslogion discussing atheism) … 265
The Tragic Story of Abelard and Heloise … 267
Maimonides' "Negative Theology" (excerpt from Maimonides' The Guide for the Perplexed) … 272
A Metaphysics of Light (Robert Grosseteste speculates on the properties of light) … 277
Transcendence and Immanence (excerpt from St. Thomas Aquinas' Summa theologiae) … 279
A Rebellious Dominican … 281
A Philosophical Definition from Ockham (William of Ockham defines the term "universal") … 285
The Sword and Pen … 285
Meister Eckhart's Sermon on the Birth of Christ (a sermon that caused trouble for Eckhart with ecclesiastical authorities) … 287

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