Twice-born

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Twice-born. An epithet of the first three varnas, brahmans, kṣatriyas, and vaiśyas, since the males of these three groups are seen as achieving a second, spiritual, birth (dvija, ‘twice-born’) at the investiture of the sacred thread (upanayana). ‘Twice-born’ is also used of those who have undergone a ‘born-again’ experience in religion. Although it is usually used of Christians who have undergone a reconversion experience, William James recognized it as a category in all religions.