site-directed mutagenesis
site-directed mutagenesis A technique used in genetic engineering for introducing particular changes to the base sequence of a gene at a specific site. It allows precise and specific mutations to be made and is done, for example, to modify the amino-acid sequence of the protein expressed by the gene to investigate how such a change affects the protein's structure and function. First, the gene of interest is cloned and made available as single-stranded DNA – a widely used vector for this purpose is the bacteriophage M13. Then an artificial oligonucleotide, containing perhaps 20–30 nucleotides, is constructed containing the desired change in base sequence. This is allowed to hybridize with the complementary (apart from the mutation site) single-stranded DNA and is then extended at either end by the enzyme DNA polymerase using the single-stranded DNA as template. The two strands, each with their vector, are then separated and cloned, and clones containing the mutant gene are selected.
More From encyclopedia.com
Operon , Operon
An operon is a genetic regulatory system found in prokaryotes and the bacterial viruses (bacteriophages ) that attack bacteria. It is a cluste… Pseudogenes , Pseudogenes are defective copies of functional genes. These may be partial or complete duplicates derived from polypeptide-encoding genes or RNA gene… Transposon , Transposons, also called transposable elements or jumping genes , are stretches of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that can move around an organism's chr… Eukaryotic Chromosome , Chromosome, Eukaryotic
Living organisms are divided into two broad categories based upon certain attributes of cell structure. The first category, th… Mutation , A mutation is any change in genetic material that is passed on to the next generation. The process of acquiring change in genetic material forms the… , neuron • , exon •Agamemnon, Memnon •ninon, xenon •noumenon • Trianon • xoanon •organon • Simenon • Maintenon •crampon, kampong, tampon •Nippon • coupon •Akron,…
You Might Also Like
NEARBY TERMS
site-directed mutagenesis