WEINTRAUB, Stanley 1929-

PERSONAL: Born April 17, 1929, in Philadelphia, PA; son of Benjamin and Ray (Segal) Weintraub; married Rodelle Horwitz, 1954; children: Mark Bennett, David Andrew, Erica Beth. Education: West Chester State College, B.S., 1949; Temple University, M.A., 1951; Pennsylvania State University, Ph.D., 1956. Politics: Democrat.

ADDRESSES: Home—840 Outer Dr., State College, PA 16801.

CAREER: Pennsylvania State University, University Park, instructor, 1956–62, associate professor, 1962–65, professor of English, 1965–70, research professor, 1970–86, Evan Hugh Professor, 1986–2000, professor emeritus, 2000–, director of Institute for the Arts and Humanistic Studies, 1970–90. Visiting professor at University of California at Los Angeles, 1963, University of Hawaii, 1973, University of Singapore, and University of Malaya. Military service: U.S. Army, 1951–53; became first lieutenant; awarded Bronze Star, Korean Ribbon with five battle stars.

MEMBER: International Association for the Study of Anglo-Irish Literature, Modern Language Association of America, Authors League of America, Authors Guild.

AWARDS, HONORS: National Book Award nomination, 1967, for Beardsley: A Biography; Guggenheim fellow, 1968–69; George Freedley Award, American Theatre Library Association, 1971, for Journey to Heartbreak: The Crucible Years of Bernard Shaw, 1914–1918; Freedoms Foundation Award, 1980, for The London Yankees: Portraits of American Writers and Artists in London, 1894–1914; distinguished alumnus award, West Chester University, 1982; Distinguished Humanist Award, Pennsylvania Humanities Council, 1985; West Chester University awarded Weintraub an Outstanding Teaching in the Humanities award and named the Stanley Weintraub Room, an archive of books, papers, and memorabilia, in his honor. Victoria: An Intimate Biography and five other books were Book-of-the-Month Club selections; several of Weintraub's books have also been History Book Club selections.

WRITINGS:

Private Shaw and Public Shaw: A Dual Portrait of Lawrence of Arabia and George Bernard Shaw, Braziller (New York, NY), 1963.

The War in the Wards: Korea's Forgotten Battle in a Prisoner-of-War Hospital Camp, Doubleday (Garden City, NY), 1964, second edition, Presidio Press (San Rafael, CA), 1976.

(With Bernard S. Oldsey) The Art of William Golding, Harcourt (New York, NY), 1965.

Reggie: A Portrait of Reginald Turner, Braziller (New York, NY), 1965.

Beardsley: A Biography, Braziller (New York, NY), 1967, revised edition, Penguin (New York, NY), 1972.

The Last Great Cause: The Intellectuals and the Spanish Civil War, Weybright & Talley (New York, NY), 1968.

(With wife, Rodelle Weintraub) Evolution of a Revolt: Early Postwar Writings of T. E. Lawrence, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1968.

Journey to Heartbreak: The Crucible Years of Bernard Shaw, 1914–1918, Weybright & Talley (New York, NY), 1971.

Whistler: A Biography, Weybright & Talley (New York, NY), 1974.

(With wife, Rodelle Weintraub) Lawrence of Arabia: The Literary Impulse, Louisiana State University Press (Baton Rouge, LA), 1975.

Aubrey Beardsley: Imp of the Perverse, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1976.

Four Rossettis: A Victorian Biography, Weybright & Talley (New York, NY), 1977.

The London Yankees: Portraits of American Writers and Artists in London, 1894–1914, Harcourt (New York, NY), 1979.

The Unexpected Shaw: Biographical Approaches to G. B. S. and His Work, Ungar (New York, NY), 1982.

A Stillness Heard Round the World: The End of the Great War, November 1918, Dutton (New York, NY), 1985.

Victoria: An Intimate Biography, Dutton (New York, NY), 1987.

(With Randy Ploog) Benjamin West Drawings from the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, May 31 thorough September 17, 1987, Museum of Art, Pennsylvania State University (University Park, PA), 1987.

Long Day's Journey into War: December 7, 1941, Dutton (New York, NY), 1991.

Bernard Shaw: A Guide to Research, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1992.

Disraeli: A Biography, Truman Talley/Dutton (New York, NY), 1993.

The Last Great Victory: The End of World War II, July/August, 1945, Truman Talley/Dutton (New York, NY), 1995.

Shaw's People: Victoria to Churchill, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1996.

Uncrowned King: The Life of Prince Albert, Free Press (New York, NY), 1997.

MacArthur's War: Korea and the Undoing of an American Hero, Free Press (New York, NY), 2000.

(With Rodelle Weintraub) Dear Young Friend: Letters from American Presidents to Children, Stackpole Books (Mechanicsburg, PA), 2000.

The Importance of Being Edward: King in Waiting, 1841–1901, John Murray General Publishing, 2000.

Shakespeare, Goethe und Co. Kartenspiel: Ein literarisches Quartett der Winkler Weltliterature, Artemis & Winkler, 2001.

Edward the Caresser: The Playboy Prince Who Became Edward VII, Free Press (New York, NY), 2001.

Silent Night: The Story of the World War I Christmas Truce, Free Press (New York, NY), 2001, large print edition published as Silent Night: The Remarkable Christmas Truce of 1914, Thorndike Press (Waterville, ME), 2003.

Charlotte and Lionel: A Rothschild Love Story, Free Press (New York, NY), 2003.

General Washington's Christmas Farewell: A Mount Vernon Homecoming, 1783, Free Press (New York, NY), 2003.

EDITOR

George Bernard Shaw, An Unfinished Novel, Dodd, 1958.

C. P. Snow, A Spectrum: Science, Criticism, Fiction, Scribner (New York, NY), 1963.

"The Yellow Book": Quintessence of the Nineties, Doubleday (Garden City, NY), 1964.

(And author of introduction) "The Savoy": Nineties Experiment, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1966.

Desmond MacCarthy, The Court Theatre, 1904–1907: A Commentary and Criticism, University of Miami Press (Coral Gables, FL), 1966.

(With wife, Rodelle Weintraub) T. E. Lawrence, Evolution of a Revolt: Early Postwar Writings of T. E. Lawrence, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1967.

Biography and Truth, Bobbs-Merrill (Indianapolis, IN), 1968.

George Bernard Shaw, Cashel Byron's Profession, Southern Illinois University Press (Carbondale, IL), 1968.

The Literary Criticism of Oscar Wilde, University of Nebraska Press (Lincoln, NE), 1968.

Shaw: An Autobiography, Weybright & Talley (New York, NY), Volume 1, 1969, Volume 2, 1970.

(And author of introduction) Robert Smythe Hichens, The Green Carnation, University of Nebraska Press (Lincoln, NE), 1970.

Bernard Shaw, Saint Joan, Bobbs-Merrill (Indianapolis, IN), 1971.

Bernard Shaw's Nondramatic Literary Criticism, University of Nebraska Press (Lincoln, NE), 1972.

(With Philip Young) Directions in Literary Criticism: Contemporary Approaches to Literature, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1973.

(And author of introduction) "Saint Joan": Fifty Years After, 1923/24–1973/74, Louisiana State University Press (Baton Rouge, LA), 1973.

(And author of introduction and notes) The Portable Bernard Shaw, Viking (New York, NY), 1977.

(With Richard Aldington) The Portable Oscar Wilde, revised edition, Viking (New York, NY), 1981.

(And contributor) Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 10: Modern British Dramatists, 1900–1945, Volume 13: British Dramatists since World War II, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1982.

(And author of introduction) The Playwright and the Pirate: Bernard Shaw and Frank Harris, A Correspondence, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1982.

(And annotator) Bernard Shaw: The Diaries, 1885–1897: With Early Autobiographical Notebooks and Diaries, and an Abortive 1917 Diary, two volumes, transliterated by Stanley Rypins with additional transliterations and transcriptions by Blanche Patch, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1986.

(And author of introduction) Bernard Shaw on the London Art Scene, 1885–1950, Pennsylvania State University Press (University Park, PA), 1989.

(With Mary C. Stratton) George Bernard Shaw, Shaw on Theatre: A Half Century of Advice, Press of Appletree Alley (Lewisburg, PA), 1998.

OTHER

Also author of introduction to Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens, Signet, 1998, and Man and Superman: A Comedy and a Philosophy, by Bernard Shaw, Penguin, 2001. Contributor to Times Literary Supplement, New Republic, and other journals. Founding editor, Shaw Review 1960–80; general editor, Shaw: The Annual of Bernard Shaw Studies, 1980–90; editor, Comparative Literature Studies, 1987–92. Member of editorial board, English Literature in Transition, Review, and Medicine and Literature. Several of Weintraub's books have been translated into Czech, French, German, and Japanese.

ADAPTATIONS: MacArthur's War has been adapted as an audiobook.

SIDELIGHTS: A Pennsylvania State University professor emeritus, Stanley Weintraub is a scholar of Victorian England's history and literature. An expert especially on the life and works of George Bernard Shaw, he was a founding editor of the Shaw Review, which later became Shaw: The Annual of Bernard Shaw Studies, and has written and edited several books about the famous playwright. In addition to Shaw, he has written extensively on many other authors, including Oscar Wilde, James McNeill Whistler, and T. E. Lawrence, and has composed biographies of Victorianera political leaders such as Benjamin Disraeli, Edward VII, Queen Victoria, and her husband, Prince Albert. A veteran of the Korean War, Weintraub has also published books about World Wars I and II, General Douglas MacArthur, and George Washington. Considered a "gifted, accomplished biographer and literary historian," according to Washington Post Book World reviewer Jonathan Yardley, though Weintraub follows the paths of famous lives already often treaded by other writers he has been praised for offering balanced historical accounts of his subjects.

Among Weintraub's many books about Shaw are the two-volume Shaw: An Autobiography, which he edited, and the books Journey to Heartbreak: The Crucible Years of Bernard Shaw, 1914–1918, The Unexpected Shaw: Biographical Approaches to G. B. S. and His Work, and Shaw's People: Victoria to Churchill. Describing Weintraub as "a benignly fostering, immensely productive energy in Shaw studies almost on the scale of Shaw himself," in a review of Shaw's People, Victorian Studies critic Martin Meisel most appreciated that the scholar does not attempt to dig up some mysterious, hidden Shaw but rather offers a collection of essays that "serve as prismatic refractions of the character, interests, political and intellectual evolution of Shaw." J. L. Wisenthal, writing in Modern Drama, noted that in this book, which describes Shaw's interactions, in one way or another, with such people as Queen Victoria, T. E. Lawrence, and Oscar Wilde, Weintraub attempts to find the "possible originals of characters in Shaw's plays, and this volume offers some ingenius suggestions that go strikingly beyond the usual attempts at identification. He suggests [for example] ways in which Queen Victoria may have served as an original for the queen in Caesar and Cleopatra, with Melbourne, Prince Albert, and Disraeli as partial Caesar-prototypes and Baroness Lehzen as an original for Ftatateeta."

The prominent figures of the Victorian Era have been a nearly endless source of material for Weintraub's books. He has written on the royalty of the era in such books as Victoria: An Intimate Biography, Uncrowned King: The Life of Prince Albert, and The Importance of Being Edward: King in Waiting, 1841–1901, as well as other prominent figures, such as Benjamin Disraeli in Disraeli: A Biography. The author explores the personality behind the throne in Victoria, revealing the queen as both a bawdy and aristocratic figure, for while Queen Victoria enjoyed the low-brow entertainments of the circus and was no prude when in bed with her beloved husband, she was also distinctly upper-crust in her attitudes about the monarchy, often flinching at the limitations imposed upon her by Parliament. "Weintraub's research reveals few surprises," noted Smithsonian critic Geraldine Foty, but the reviewer added that the book is "well researched and told with style."

One of the issues Weintraub discusses in Victoria is the queen's conservative views about women. Despite her position, she believed women should be subordinate to men, and was herself not an effective ruler during her nine pregnancies and for the many years she mourned the early death of Prince Albert. The Germanborn Albert, in fact, took on an important leadership role in British politics, according to the author, a subject he discusses at length in Uncrowned King. Albert, whose marriage to Victoria was arranged by their mutual uncle, was the love of Victoria's life, but his early death has left him a much-less discussed historical figure than the queen. "Earlier monographs have examined Albert's significance in relation to the visual arts … and politics …," noted Mark Stocker in Victorian Studies, and his biography has also been touched on. But "Weintraub unites these diverse strands into a consistently readable, well-organized, and intelligent narrative." Asserting that Albert, who throughout his time in England had to fight to be accepted by his adopted country, was "the greatest of royal spouses," Weintraub "defends his stand with knowledge, reason, and writerly savoir fair," concluded Booklist critic Brad Hooper.

While Queen Victoria doted on her husband, she was much less kind to her children, whom she often ignored and belittled. Weintraub has written two books about her most prominent son, Edward, in The Importance of Being Edward: King in Waiting, 1841–1901 and Edward the Caresser: The Playboy Prince Who Became Edward VII. The heir to the throne, as Prince of Wales, Edward spent the majority of his life in idle pursuits—most famously as a playboy—and was constantly demeaned by his mother for not accomplishing much in his life. Nevertheless, his reign from 1901 to 1910, known as the Edwardian era, marked an important transition between Victorian and modern England. As New York Times Book Review contributor Amanda Foreman noted in a review of Edward the Caresser: "Although he has been largely ignored for the past half-century, his shadow now looms over the present times." But his life before becoming king was fruitless, Weintraub explains in The Importance of Being Edward. Critics of this book generally agreed with this view, and so, as Kathryn Hughes commented in her New Statesman review, "It remains unclear why he makes us sit through such a long and elaborate answer" about whether Edward did anything important as prince. "A simple 'no' would have been enough." On the other hand, Times Literary Supplement critic Richard Shannon attested that the biography "is an entertaining account of the long wait endured by Albert Edward."

A veteran of the Korean War, Weintraub has gained attention for his histories and biographies related to the military. This is especially true of his book about General Douglas MacArthur's final days in the army, which ended in his 1950 dismissal by President Truman: MacArthur's War: Korea and the Undoing of an American Hero. Not a fan of the general himself, the author sides with the increasingly popular view among historians that MacArthur, who was largely considered a war hero during World War II, became so concerned with his personal goals that he neglected his own troops and failed to anticipate China's devastating entry into the Korean war. "For Weintraub …," explained Victor Davis Hanson in a National Review critique of MacArthur's War, "MacArthur was, first and foremost, the consummate politician who saw battle as a means to an end—mostly the enhancement of his own ego, ambition, and political agenda. Indeed, Weintraub argues that MacArthur often predicated his battlefield strategy on criteria other than military necessity—producing unneeded casualties in Korea and very nearly involving us in a huge and disastrous campaign that might have started World War III." New Leader contributor William L. O'Neill called Weintraub's portrayal of MacArthur "a brisk, readable narrative," but added that the author fails "to explore the larger issues … involved." But while a Publishers Weekly writer said some readers will object to Weintraub's depiction of "MacArthur as bullheaded antihero … [they] will admit that he writes a densely gripping narrative."

BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL SOURCES:

PERIODICALS

America, December 7, 1991, George W. Hunt, review of Long Day's Journey into War: December 7, 1941, p. 426.

American Historical Review, October, 1989, Nancy Fix Anderson, review of Victoria: An Intimate Biography, p. 1099; April, 1995, Todd M. Endelman, review of Disraeli: A Biography, April, 1995, p. 522.

American History Illustrated, November-December, 1991, review of Long Day's Journey into War, p. 32.

American Scholar, spring, 1994, Jacob A. Stein, review of Disraeli: A Biography, p. 295.

American Spectator, August, 1997, Florence King, review of The Uncrowned King: The Life of Prince Albert, p. 72.

Back Stage, May 7, 1982, George L. George, review of Modern British Dramatists, 1900–1945, p. 72; January 14, 1983, George L. George, review of The Unexpected Shaw: Biographical Approaches to G. B. S. and His Work, p. 103; June 10, 1983, George L. George, review of British Dramatists since World War II, p. 75.

Biography, winter, 2001, David M. Kennedy, "Douglas MarArthur," p. 340.

Booklist, September 15, 1993, Gilbert Taylor, review of Disraeli, p. 125; April 15, 1995, Gilbert Taylor, review of The Last Great Victory: The End of World War II, p. 1453; May 1, 1997, Brad Hooper, review of Uncrowned King: The Life of Prince Albert, p. 1476; February 15, 2001, Gilbert Taylor, review of No End Save Victory: Perspectives on World War II, p. 1112; September 1, 2001, Jay Freeman, review of Silent Night: The Remarkable 1914 Christmas Truce, p. 48; January 1, 2003, Jay Freeman, review of Charlotte and Lionel: A Rothschild Love Story, p. 819; November 15, 2003, Mar garet Flanagan, review of General Washington's Christmas Farewell: A Mount Vernon Homecoming, 1783, p. 109.

Choice, December, 1992, W. S. Brockman, review of Bernard Shaw: A Guide to Research, p. 605; March, 1994, F. Coetzee, review of Disraeli, p. 1199.

Christian Science Monitor, November 29, 1991, Joseph C. Harsch, review of Long Day's Journey into War, p. 17; October 4, 1993, Merle Rubin, review of Disraeli, p. 13.

Commentary, June, 1994, Edward Alexander, review of Disraeli, p. 56.

Commonweal, January 12, 1968, Charles Alva Hoyt, review of Beardsley: A Biography.

Comparative Drama, summer, 1998, James Coakley, review of Shaw's People: Victoria to Churchill, p. 297.

Contemporary Review, February, 2001, review of The Importance of Being Edward: King in Waiting, 1841–1901, p. 125.

Far East Economic Review, August 17, 1995, Richard Halloran, review of The Last Great Victory, p. 54.

Historian, autumn, 1994, Peter T. Marsh, review of Disraeli, p. 190.

History: The Journal of the Historical Association, February, 1989, Geoffrey Finlayson, review of Victoria: An Intimate Biography, p. 150; October, 1995, Bruce Coleman, review of Disraeli, p. 500.

History Today, September, 1987, Trevor Fisher, review of Victoria, p. 61; February, 1995, Jose Harris, review of Disraeli, p. 61.

Journal of American History, September, 1997, Alonzo L. Hamby, review of The Last Great Victory, p. 609.

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, fall, 1995, Anthony S. Wohl, review of Disraeli, p. 293.

Journal of Military History, January, 2001, James I. Matray, review of MacArthur's War: Korea and the Undoing of an American Hero, p. 248.

Kirkus Reviews, December 1, 2002, review of Charlotte and Lionel, p. 1759; September 1, 2003, review of General Washington's Christmas Farewell, p. 1116.

Kliatt, May, 2002, John E. Boyd, review of Silent Night, p. 58.

Library Journal, August, 1985, review of A Stillness Heard Round the World: The End of the Great War, November 1918, p. 94; January, 1987, Nancy C. Cridland, review of Victoria, p. 85; July, 1991, Raymond L. Puffer, review of Long Day's Journey into War, p. 113; May 1, 1995, David Lee Poremba, review of The Last Great Victory, p. 116; May 15, 1996, Judy Mimken, review of Shaw's People, p. 63; May 15, 1997, Jean E. S. Storrs, review of Uncrowned King, p. 84; September 1, 2001, Michael F. Russo, review of Silent Night, p. 204; March 1, 2003, Robert C. Jones, review of Charlotte and Lionel, p. 104; November 1, 2003, T. J. Schaeper, review of General Washington's Christmas Farewell, p. 109.

Los Angeles Times Book Review, February 20, 1983, James Kaufmann, review of The Unexpected Shaw, p. 8; September 22, 1985, Robert Wohl, review of A Stillness Heard Round the World, p. 1.

Modern Drama, spring, 1997, J. L. Wisenthal, review of Shaw's People, p. 165.

Modern Language Review, January, 1998, John Stokes, review of Shaw's People, p. 203.

National Review, June 26, 1981, Paul T. Hornak, review of The London Yankees: Portraits of American Writers and Artists in London, 1894–1914, p. 737; January 20, 1992, Robert Elegant, review of Long Day's Journey into War, p. 58; May 22, 2000, Victor Davis Hanson, "Five-Star Peacock," p. 62.

New Leader, May, 2000, William L. O'Neill, review of MacArthur's War, p. 20; November-December, 2001, Joshua Levithan, review of Silent Night, p. 28.

New Statesman, March 11, 1983, David Montrose, review of The Playwright and the Pirate: Bernard Shaw and Frank Harris, A Correspondence, p. 26; April 4, 1997, David Cannadine, review of Uncrowned King, p. 43; October 16, 2000, Kathryn Hughes, "The Unhappy Prince," p. 55.

New York, March 16, 1987, Rhoda Koenig, review of Victoria, p. 79; October 25, 1993, Rhoda Koenig, review of Disraeli, p. 90.

New Yorker, January 10, 1994, review of Disraeli, p. 89.

New York Review of Books, August 8, 1974, Douglas Cooper, review of Whistler: A Biography; April 23, 1987, David Cannadine, review of Victoria, p. 30; October 9, 1997, Ian Buruma, review of Uncrowned King, p. 4.

New York Times, August 12, 1971, Thomas Lask, review of Journey to Heartbreak: The Crucible Years of Bernard Shaw, 1914–1918; August 27, 1985, John Gross, review of A Stillness Heard Round the World, p. 1; September 1, 1997, Michael Rosenthal, review of Uncrowned King, p. A23.

New York Times Book Review, March 22, 1987, Roger B. Henkle, review of Victoria, p. 16; September 1, 1991, Otto Friedrich, review of Long Day's Journey into War, p. 6; April 30, 1995, D. J. R. Bruckner, review of The Last Great Victory, p. 13; September 7, 1997, Naomi Bliven, review of Uncrowned King, p. 21; July 2, 2000, David M. Kennedy, review of MacArthur's War, p. 16; June 24, 2001, Amanda Foreman, "Monarch Notes: Edward VII Was Rapacious in His Appetites, Bold and Open-minded," p. 27; December 16, 2001, Drake P. Bennett, review of Silent Night, p. 19; December 22, 2002, Scott Veale, review of Silent Night, p. 24.

O, the Oprah Magazine, February, 2003, Lise Funderburg, "Old Wives' Tales," p. 150.

People Weekly, June 22, 1987, Leah Rozen, "Victorian in Name Only, the Queen Was Amused in the Bedroom and Elsewhere," p. 58; December 9, 1991, Lorenzo Carcaterra, review of Long Day's Journey into War, p. 426.

Publishers Weekly, July 5, 1985, Genevieve Stuttaford, review of A Stillness Heard Round the World, p. 60; January 30, 1987, Genevieve Stuttaford, review of Victoria, p. 377; July 25, 1991, review of Long Day's Journey into War, p. 42; August 9, 1993, review of Disraeli, p. 428; May 8, 1995, review of The Last Great Victory, p. 276; April 7, 1997, review of Uncrowned King, p. 78; April 17, 2000, review of MacArthur's War, p. 65; August 14, 2000, "Understanding Our Future by Recognizing Our Past," p. 344; January 29, 2001, review of Edward the Caresser: The Playboy Prince Who Became Edward VII, p. 73; August 13, 2001, review of Silent Night, p. 293; January 27, 2003, review of Charlotte and Lionel, p. 250; September 1, 2003, review of General Washington's Christmas Farewell, p. 70.

Sewanee Review, winter, 1987, Gerald Weales, review of Bernard Shaw: The Diaries, 1885–1897, p. 168.

Smithsonian, October, 1987, Geraldine Foty, review of Victoria, p. 222.

Spectator, November 13, 1993, Jane Ridley, review of Disraeli, p. 33; March 1, 2003, Charlotte Moore, "Rich, Regal and Kosher," p. 50.

Time, September 23, 1985, Stefan Kanfer, review of A Stillness Heard Round the World, p. 81.

Times Educational Supplement, November 26, 1993, Michael Foot, review of Disraeli, p. A10.

Times Higher Education Supplement, June 27, 1997, A. W. Purdue, review of Uncrowned King, p. 23.

Times Literary Supplement, July 12, 1996, review of Shaw's People, p. 32; March 28, 1997, Steven Runciman, review of Uncrowned King, p. 11; January 19, 2001, Richard Shannon, review of The Importance of Being Edward, p. 10; December 21, 2001, Hew Strachan, "Some Quiet on the Western Front," p. 32; April 4, 2003, Jane Ridley, "Remarkable Europeans," p. 26.

USA Today, January, 1988, Gerald F. Kreyche, review of Victoria, p. 96.

Victorian Studies, winter, 1998, Martin Meisel, review of Shaw's People, p. 265; summer, 1998, Mark Stocker, review of Uncrowned King, p. 650.

Wall Street Journal, October 21, 1991, John F. Lehman, review of Long Day's Journey into War, p. A16; September 30, 1993, James M. Perry, review of Disraeli, p. A16; August 29, 1995, John F. Lehman, review of The Last Great Victory, p. A12; May 23, 1997, Richard Lamb, review of Uncrowned King, p. A16; May 26, 2000, John F. Lehman, "The Forgotten War Revisited," p. W8; December 17, 2001, Alan Furst, "Bookshelf: When the Fighting Stopped—for Christmas Carols," p. A16.

Washington Post Book World, August 21, 1985, Jonathan Yardley, review of A Stillness Heard Round the World, p. B2; March 29, 1987; June 25, 2000, Thomas H. Henriksen, "The Korean War; A Cold Day in Hell," p. 8; May 6, 2001, "Royal Rake," p. 4.

Wilson Library Bulletin, September, 1982, James Rettig, review of Modern British Dramatists, 1900–1945, p. 75.