Niagara Campaigns
NIAGARA CAMPAIGNS
NIAGARA CAMPAIGNS. The American army's illfated invasion of Canada during the War of 1812 touched off a series of clashes with British forces across the Niagara frontier. In October 1812, the Americans crossed the Niagara River and attacked the British at Queenston, opposite Fort Niagara, but retreated for lack of reinforcements. After Col. Winfield Scott captured neighboring Fort George in May 1813, the British were forced to abandon Fort Niagara, only to retake it in December. Now on the offensive, the British pushed south into American territory, defeating the Americans at Black Rock and burning that settlement and the village of Buffalo. After prevailing at Fort Erie, Chippawa, and the Battle of Lundy's Lane (which the British also claimed as a victory) in July 1814, the Americans withdrew to Fort Erie. In the last important engagement of the campaign, the British army's siege was raised 17 September by the sortie of Gen. Peter B. Porter's volunteers.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Babcock, Louis L. The War of 1812 on the Niagara Frontier. Buffalo, N.Y.: Buffalo Historical Society, 1927.
Berton, Pierre. The Invasion of Canada. Boston: Little, Brown, 1980.
Graves, Donald D. The Battle of Lundy's Lane. Baltimore: Nautical and Aviation Publication Company of America, 1993.
Whitfield, Carol M. The Battle of Queenston Heights. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: National Historic Sites Service, 1974.
Robert W.Bingham/a. r.
See alsoStoney Creek, Battle of .