Luce, Stephen B. (1827–1917), naval officer, reformer, and founder of the Naval War College.Born in Albany, New York, Stephen Luce became a naval midshipman in 1841 and spent six years at sea, before being appointed to the Naval Academy at Annapolis. Graduating in 1849, Luce's experience caused him to think about improving naval training and education, and he became an instructor of seamanship and gunnery at Annapolis in 1860. During the Civil War, Luce alternated between the academy and participating in the Union blockade of the Confederacy.

After the war, Luce experimented with training reforms, corresponding with Gen. Emory Upton and observing Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman's efforts to establish an army postgraduate school system. Luce's efforts resulted in the establishment of the Naval War College at Newport in 1884. He was its president from 1884 to 1886, when, promoted rear admiral, he turned the college over to his friend and protégé, Capt. Alfred T. Mahan, and took command of the North Atlantic Station until his retirement in 1889. Luce continued to write, served as president of the Naval Institute, and later rejoined the Naval War College staff.

While not as intellectual as Mahan, Luce was a reformer and a practical sailor, who saw education as a way to harness technology. Luce influenced a generation of officers and played a crucial role in American military education.

Bibliography

Albert Gleaves , Life and Letters of Stephen B. Luce: Rear Admiral, U.S.N., Founder of the Naval War College, 1925.
Ronald Spector , Professor of War: The Naval War College and the Development of the Naval Profession, 1977.
James L. Abrahamson , America Arms for a New Century, 1981.

Steven C. Gravlin