Henri Rohan, duc de (äNrē´ dük də rôäN´), 1579–1638, French Protestant general; son-in-law of the duc de Sully. A leader of the Huguenots, Rohan took up arms against the French government in 1621–22 as a consequence of the reestablishment of Roman Catholicism in Béarn. With his brother, Benjamin de Soubise, Rohan led revolts in Languedoc and the Cévennes in 1625–26 and again in 1627–29 but was forced to submit to King Louis XIII's chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu, in the Peace of Alais (1629). He retired to Venice. In 1635 he was chosen by Richelieu to command the French troops in the Valtellina, which he subdued. Treachery and weak official support forced his retreat in 1637. Rohan subsequently joined the army of Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar and was killed at Rheinfelden during the Thirty Years War. He left memoirs (1644, enl. ed. 1646, tr. 1660) and other writings.

Benjamin de Rohan Soubise, seigneur de (bäNzhämăN´ də rōäN´ sānyûr´ də sōōbēz´), 1583–1642, French Protestant general. He fought under Maurice of Nassau in the Netherlands and subsequently shared the leadership of the Huguenots with his brother, Henri, duc de Rohan. He directed the defense of La Rochelle (1627–28) against Cardinal Richelieu's forces and after that city's fall retired to England.