Medicine: Biographies
- Rufus of Ephesus
- Salvador Edward Luria
- Samuel David Gross
- Samuel Hahnemann
- Sanctorius
- Santiago Ramon y Cajal
- Schack August Steenberg Krogh
- Selman Abraham Waksman
- Severo Ochoa
- Shibasaburo Kitasato
- Simon Flexner
- Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin
- Sir Alexander Fleming
- Sir Arthur Keith
- Sir Bernard Katz
- Sir Charles Scott Sherrington
- Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins
- Sir Frederick Grant Banting
- Sir Hans Adolf Krebs
- Sir Henry Hallett Dale