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Chief , chief / chēf/ • n. 1. a leader or ruler of a people or clan: the chief of the village. ∎ the person with the highest rank in an organization: the chi… Rabbi , Title derived from rav, which in Hebrew denotes a master.
In its Talmudic origins, the mastery to which rabbi referred was a knowledge of both Script… Smolensk , SMOLENSK, city in western Russia. From 1404 to 1514 Smolensk was a Lithuanian possession and from 1611 to 1654 it came under Polish rule. Jews are fi… Bas-rhin , Alsace
ALSACE , former province of the Germanic (Holy Roman) Empire, and from 1648, of *France, including the present department of Haut-Rhin and Bas… Lille , LILLE , city in the département of the Nord, N. France. The Jewish community of Lille was formed in the 19th century. Beginning in 1872, Lille became… Caucasus , CAUCASUS , mountainous region between the Black and Caspian Seas, in the south of the former Soviet Union. For over 2,000 years this inaccessible reg…
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