NAUSEA, FRIEDRICH (GRAU)

Theologian; b. Waischenfeld (hence he is called Blancicampianus), Upper Franconia, c. 1490; d. Trent, Feb. 6, 1552. He studied at Leipzig (1514); Pavia (1518); Padua, where he obtained the doctorate in law (1523); and Siena. He interrupted his theological studies to accompany Cardinal L. campeggio on his trip as legate to combat heresy in Germany. On the way, Nausea tried at Bretten to win P. Melanchthon back to the Catholic faith. Named pastor at Frankfurt in 1525, Nausea had to withdraw because of Protestant pressure, and from 1526 until 1533 he labored fruitfully at Mainz as cathedral preacher and as a writer (Centuriae IV homiliarum [Cologne 1530]). Ferdinand I called him to Vienna in 1534 and made him court preacher. There he became coadjutor in 1538 and successor in 1541 of Bp. J. Fabri. In 1540 and 1541 he took part in the religious discussions at Hagenau and Worms. By word and in writing Nausea worked against the spread of the Reformation and sought the reform of the Church, above all through the renewal of the bishops and priests. He ordered the visitation of his parishes (Pastorialium inquisitionum elenchi tres [Vienna 1547]), sought a better training of future priests (Isagogicon de clericis ordinandis [Vienna 1548]), and looked after the catechizing of the people (Catechismus Catholicus [Vienna 1543]). By means of suggestions for reform and an extensive literary and personal activity, he paved the way for the Council of Trent, in which he participated for the first time in 1551. At the council he argued in favor of communion under both species and marriage of the clergy. Unfortunately, death soon ended Nausea's reforming influence.

Bibliography: É. amann, Dictionnaire de théologie catholique, ed. a. vacant et al., 15 v. (Paris 1903–50; Tables générales 1951–) 11.1:45–51. h. gollob, Friedrich Nausea: Probleme der Gegenreformation (Vienna 1952). h. jedin, "Das konziliare Reformprogramm Friedrich Nauseas," Historisches Jahrbuch der Görres-Gesellschaft 77 (1958) 229–253. r. bÄumer, Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche, ed. j. hofer and k. rahner, 10v. (2d, new ed. Freiburg 1957–65) 7:847.

[e. iserloh]