PASSIONIST SISTERS

Also known as Sisters of the Cross and Passion (CP, Official Catholic Directory, #3180). Founded in Manchester, England, March 25, 1851 by Elizabeth Prout (1820–1864) with guidance from Passionist priests Gaudentius Rossi and Ignatius Spencer (1799–1864), from whom the first sisters received their spiritual heritage. The institute, originally known as the "Catholic Sisters of the Holy Family," formally affiliated with the Congregation of the Passion in 1874, and adopted the title "Sisters of the Cross and Passion" (CP). Initial approbation of the rule was received from the Holy See in 1863.

Nineteenth-century Manchester was in the process of developing into one of England's first industrial centers and was also the subject of a Catholic revival, or "second spring." Under this dual influence, the new institute brought Passionist spirituality as well as education and basic social services to those disenfranchised by the industrialization process. Unique for its time, the institute was itself open to the poor since it did not require dowries from women who sought membership. By the beginning of the 20th century, it was one of the largest apostolic communities in England and exerted great influence in the development of national educational plans.

From these roots, the congregation expanded to Ireland, Scotland and Wales, as well as to South America (Chile, Peru, Argentina), the United States, Africa (Botswana), the West Indies (Jamaica), and Eastern Europe. Its focus remains response to the needs of the poor through education or other social outreach.

Bibliography: a. m. reynolds, cp, Heralds of Hope: The Sisters of the Cross and Passion (Strasbourg 1988). e. hamer, Elizabeth Prout, 1820–1864: A Religious Life for Industrial England (Bath 1994).

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