Baynes, Pauline (1922–)

English illustrator. Born Sept 9, 1922, in Brighton, England; dau. of Frederick William Wilberforce (commissioner in the Indian Civil Service) and Jessie Harriet Maude (Cunningham) Baynes; attended Farnham School of art, 1937; Slade School of Art, 1939–40; m. Fritz Otto Gasch (garden contractor), Mar 25, 1961.

Made her reputation on illustrations for C.S. Lewis, for such books as The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe (1950), Prince Caspian (1951), The Voyage of the "Dawn Treader" (1952), and The Silver Chair (1953); began to draw at an early age; entered Farnham Art School (1937); did volunteer work during WWII; hired by printer Perry Powell to illustrate books for popular Puffin collection; received commission to illustrate Victoria Stevenson's Clover Magic; illustrated 1st work for J.R.R. Tolkien, Farmer Giles of Ham, and later illustrated other Tolkien works, including Smith of Wootton Major (1967), Bilbo's Last Song, and the cover for The Lord of the Rings; writings (all self-illustrated) include Victoria and the Golden Bird (1947), How Dog Began (1986) and Good King Wenceslas (1987). Also illustrated Edmund Spenser, Saint George and the Dragon (1961), Alison Uttley, The Little Knife That Did All the Work (1962), Rumer Godden, The Dragon of Oq (1981), Mary Norton, The Borrowers Avenged (1982), R. Godden, Four Dolls (1983), Peter Dickinson, The Iron Lion (1983), Rudyard Kipling, How the Whale Got His Throat (1983), Anna Sewell, Black Beauty (1984), Cecil Frances Alexander, All Things Bright and Beautiful (1986), George Macbeth, Daniel (1986), and Beatrix Potter, Country Tales (1987).

See also Women in World History.