DOMÍNGUEZ, Adolfo

Spanish designer

Born: Orense, Spain, 1950. Education: Graduated with degree in philosophy, Universidad Santiago de Compostela, 1968; studied cinematography and aesthetics in Paris and London. Career: Formed men's ready-to-wear company, early 1970s; first presentation of work, Madrid, 1981; added women's line, opened first Domínguez shops, 1980s; with Jesús, Javier, María-José, Kerme, and Ada Domínguez, established Adolfo Domínguez, S.A., Vigo; introduced first womenswear collection, 1983; designed jewelry, accessories, shoes, handbags; introduced Domínguez Basico bridge line, 1987; introduced perfume, 1990s; also designs Jeans line of casual sportswear; licensing and distribution agreement in Japan with company Taka-Q; company went public, 1997. Address: Poligono San Ciprian de Vinas, Apartado 1160, 32080 Orense, Spain. Website: www.adolfo-dominguez.com.

Publications

On DOMÍNGUEZ:

Articles

Coad, Emma Dent, "Flamenco, Fabrics and Fun," in Design (London), January 1988.

Burns, Tom, "Europe: Bolsa to Try On Domínguez," in the Financial Times, 4 March 1997.

Burns, Tom, "Europe: Domínguez Sets Bolsa Record," in the Financial Times, 13 March 1997.

McColl, Pat, "Ready-to-Wear Labels from Spain Quietly Infiltrate Paris," in the International Herald Tribune, 17 October 1997.

Dam, Julie K. L., and A. Coruna, "Simply Galician," in Time, 17November 1997.

Nash, Elizabeth, "Forget Paris and Milan—Fashion's Cutting Edge is in Rural Spain," in the Independent Sunday (London), 12 April 1998.

"Spanish Retailers Aim to Increase Presence on British High Street," from the London Evening Standard in Knight-Ridder/Tribune Business News, 19 October 1999.

Burns, Tom, "Cortfiel Bids for Spanish Rival," in the Financial Times, 15 March 2001. Vitzthum, Carlta, "Cortfiel Launches Takeover Bid for Rival Firm

Adolfo Domínguez," in the Wall Street Journal, 15 March 2001.

"Spaniards for the 21st Century: Adolfo Domínguez," available online at Freelance Spain, www.spainview.com, 23 July 2001.

***

Working from his native Galicia, Adolfo Domínguez represents the new wave of post-Franco Spanish design. His international corporation has helped to widen the influence of Spanish fashion around the world. The Domínguez family business grew in 30 years from a small manufacturer of ready-to-wear men's clothing to a fashion house with more than 140 owned and franchised outlets in 11 countries worldwide, including shops in Spain, London, Paris, and Hong Kong. The rapid expansion of the business from the early 1970s was founded on the decision to emphasize design and image for the wealthy, urban consumers of the new Spain and also for a sophisticated international clientéle.

The opening of the first Domínguez shop in Madrid marked the beginning in Spain of such chic establishments, presenting an appropriate ambience to support the image of the clothes on sale. The Madrid shop was quickly followed by another in Barcelona, and eight more opened from the home market. With Spain's entry into the European Union, shops were established in London and Paris. The appearance of Domínguez's women's collections in the early 1980s helped to ensure his status in the international fashion world, and markets were consolidated in the U.S. and Japan, where a manufacturing operation was subsequently established. The company went public in 1997 on the Spanish stock market Bolsa with thrilling results. The initial public offering of stocks, representing 70 percent of the company's holdings, set a record for the Bolsa with demand for the shares at more than 50 times the supply.

The success on the stock market, at least in the short run, prompted strong growth in the Domínguez chain, but the surge could not be sustained. The Wall Street Journal concluded that operating costs skyrocketed when "Mr. Domínguez embarked on an expansion spree, opening up stores in Asia and Europe without building up the proper industrial and logistic support to underpin the move." Troubles on the business front, however, did not affect Domínguez's fashion sense.

His intellectual and cosmopolitan approach to design reflects Domínguez's Parisian education in literature and philosophy. He likens fashion to industrial design, describing it as a response to need. Similarly, he rejects the willfulness of much designer clothing and couture, asserting instead the designer's responsibility to the user. Domínguez's clothing is purposeful in the modernist idiom, providing a solution to a particular problem, and a solution that will stand the test of time. He has little use for originality for its own sake, preferring to create quality, classic pieces.

Domínguez's Apollonian view of design as an activity also extends to his sense of the human figure and his treatment of the form through tailoring. He concentrates on elegant contour rather than overt body consciousness; he accentuates stature and elegance of proportion to allure, rather than revealing flesh or emphasizing obvious sexual characteristics. He makes use of classic drapery patterns in his garments for women. His unstructured cuts emphasize the drape of fine materials and the traditional Spanish skill of soft tailoring.

Through his ranges of high-quality menswear and womenswear, a lower-cost Basico line and Jeans, a casual line, Domínguez has developed a reputation for producing unpretentious and comfortable-looking garments of the highest quality in materials and construction. A characteristic of Domínguez designs is the elimination of superfluous detail. His clothes are not ornamented by applied decoration, and surface patterning is rare, yet austerity is relieved by soft drapery and the subtlety of colors. Domínguez's rich, earthy palette of colors is reminiscent of the landscape of his native Galicia.

The Domínguez shops designed by Santiago Seara and Alfredo Freixedo, like the clothes sold in them, reflect a classic, modern simplicity, discreetly detailed and finished in high-quality materials. Both the shops and the fashions mirror the elegant minimalism that has proven so successful for the designer. Domínguez's work presented the sophisticated face of the new Spanish design to both a recently liberated and affluent home market and to an increasingly appreciative world market. His name is synonymous with minimalist perfection of form, material, and construction.

—GregoryVotolato;

updated by CarrieSnyder