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AGE DISCRIMINATION

Gomez-perez v. Potter

Barnes, Robert and William Branigin, “Supreme Court Backs Workers Filing Bias Suits,” Washington Post, May 29, 2008.

Sherman, Mark, “Court OKs Suits on Retaliation in Race, Age Cases,” Associated Press, May 28, 2008.

Kentucky Retirement System v. Equal

Employment Opportunity Commission

Gregory, Raymond. Age Discrimination in the American Workplace: Old at a Young Age. Rutgers University Press, 2001.

Player, Mack. Federal Law of Employment Discrimination in a Nutshell. 5th Ed. West, 2004.

Sargeant, Malcom. Age Discrimination in Employment. Oxford University Press, 2006.

Meachum v. Knolls Atomic

Power Laboratory

Greenhouse, Linda, “A Supreme Court Victory for Older Workers,” New York Times, June 20, 2008.

Pender, Kathleen, “Age-Discrimination Ruling Ho-Hum in California,” San Francisco Gate, June 22, 2008.

Sprint/United Management Co v..

Mendelsohn

Gregory, Raymond. Age Discrimination in the American Workplace. Rutgers University Press, 2001.

Macnicol, John. Age Discrimination: An Historical and Contemporay Analysis. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Sargeant, Malcom. Age Discrimination in Employment. Ashgate Publishing, 2007.

AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT

Pollinator Protection Act of 2007

“National Pollinator Week.” The Xerces Society. Available at http://www.xerces.org/Pollinator_Insect_Conservation/pollinator_week_action.html as retrieved on 6 March 2008.

The Pollinator Partnership. “Farm Bill Pollinator Highlights.” Available at www.pollinator.org/resources/house-passed-farm-bill-pollinator-highlightsv2.pdf

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“Scientists Have an Official Name for the Disappearing Honeybees: Colony Collapse Disorder.” Michigan Agricultural Education Services, Michigan State University. Available at http://www.maes.msu.edu/publications/futures/fall2007/ccd_fall2007.pdf.

Velasquez-Manoff, Moises. “Progress on ‘Collapsing’ Beehives.” Christian Science Monitor, 8 November 2007. Available at http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/1108/p13s01-sten.html as retrived on 11 March 2008.

ARBITRATION

Hall Street Associates, l.l.c. v. Mattel, Inc.

Barett, Jerome. A History of Alternative Dispute Resolution: The Story of a Political, Social, and Cultural Movement. Hoboken, N.J.: Jossey-Bass. 2004.

Nolan-Haley, Jaqueline. Alternative Dispute Resolution In A Nutshell. Saint Paul, MN: Westgroup. Second Edition. 2001.

Ware, Stephen. Alternative Dispute Resolution. Saint Paul, MN: Westgroup. 2001.

Preston v. Ferrer

Associated Press, “High Court Rules Against TV's ‘Judge Alex’,” CNN.com, February 20, 2008.

Slater, Dan, “High Court Nets Judge Alex; Scalia Opines on Preemption” Wall Street Journal, February 20, 2008.

ARMED ROBBERY

o.j. Simpson Indicted for Kidnapping and Armed Robbery

“400 Jurors Could be Screened for O.J. Simpson Armed Robbery Trial.” FOX News story, 16 January 2008. Available at http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,357604,00.html

“D.A. Expects Simpson to be Charged With Seven Felonies.” Associated Press news story, 18 September 2007, available at http://sports.espn.com/espn/?id=3022848

“O.J. Simpson Arrested, Faces Multiple Felony Charges.” USA Today, 16 September 2007.

“O.J. Simpson's Robbery Trial to be Delayed Until September.” Associated Press news story, 7 March 2008, available at http://sports.espn.com/espn/?id=328167

“Simpson Witnesses Offer Conflicting Testimony, but Agree Guns Were Involved.” FOX News story, 9 November 2007. Available at http://www.foxnews.com

ATTORNEY GENERAL

Gonzales Resigns as Attorney General Amid Controversies Johnston, David, “Dismissed U.S. Attorneys Praised in Evaluations, New York Times, February 25, 2007.

Myers, Steven Lee and Philip Shenon, “Embattled Attorney General Resigns,” New York Times, August 27, 2007.

“Schumer Calls for Gonzales's Resignation,” CBS News, March 11, 2007.

ATTORNEY

The Virtual Lawyer and the Ethics of Law Blogs

Arias, Martha L. “U.S. Trends on Attorney Internet Advertisement Rules.” Internet Business Law Services (IBLS), 5 February 2008. Available at http://ibls.com/cs/blogs/internet_law

Hilden, Julie. “Are Law Blogs Protected by the First Amendment?” FINDLAW, 16 October 2006.

“Lawyers Blogging on Cases: Good or Bad?” The Wall Street Journal, 1 May 2008.

Ward, Susan L. “Lawyers' Blogs Provide a Service.” njbiz, 30 October 2006, Vol 19, Iss. 44.

Weiss, Debra Cassens. “At Virtual Law Firm, Lawyers Will Work at Home, Earn 85% of Billings.” ABA Journal, 16 July 2008.

Prosecutor Disbarred in Duke LaCrosse Case

“Former Duke Lacrosse Players Sue Nifong, City.” MSNBC News, 7 October 2007. Available at http://nbcsports.msnbc.com

“Judge Removes Ex-Durham DA Mike Nifong From Duke Lawsuit.” FOXNews.com news story, 29 January 2008. Available at http://www.foxnews.com/story?id0,3566,326479,00.html

Setrakian, Lara and Chris Francescani. “Duke Lacrosse Prosecutor Disbarred.” ABC News, 16 June 2007. Available at http://abcnews.go.com/thelaw/story?id=3285862

Wilson, Duff. “Prosecutor in Duke Case is Disbarred for Ethics Breaches.” The New York Times, 16 June 2007.

Seattle Law Firm Requests Attorney Fee Award in Pro Bono Case

Bronstad, Amanda. “Pro Bono Case Triggers a Fee Fight.” The National Law Journal, 8 February 2008.

Heffter, Emily. “Billing in ‘Pro Bono’ Cases is Fodder for Ethics Debate.” Seattle Times, 22 September 2007.

Westneat, Danny. “The Bill Just Keeps Going Up.” Seattle Times, 19 September 2007.

Telephonic interview with Attorney Harry Korrell, Davis Wright Tremaine, at his office on 18 June 2008. (206) 757-8080.

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

Report Renews Call for a Nationwide Moratorium on the Death Penalty

“ABA Study: State Death Penalty Systems Deeply Flawed,” Press Release, October 29, 2007, http://www.abanet.org/abanet/media/release/news_release.cfm?releaseid209

Brouwer, Christine, “Lawyers Move to Kill Death Penalty,” ABC News, October 28, 2007.

Death Penalty Developments

Banner, Stuart. The Death Penalty: An American History. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press. 2003.

Bedau, Hugo and Cassell, Paul. Debating the Death Penalty. New York: Oxford Univ. Press. 2004.

Cohen, Stanley. The Wrong Men: America's Epidemic of Wrongful Death Row Convictions. New York: Carroll and Graf. 2003.

Missouri Law Shields Identity of Executioners

Alper, Ty. “What Do Lawyers Know About Lethal Injection?” Harvard Law & Pol'Y Review, 3 March 2008.

“Inmates in Mo. Want Executioners Named.” Associated Press News, 21 January 2008. Available at http://news.public.findlaw.com/ap/other/1110/01-21-2008/20080121055006_12.html

Kohler, Jeremy. “Inmates Seek More Details on Executioners.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 20 January 2008.

“Lethal Injection Suit Moves Forward.” Daily Record and the Kansas City Daily News-Press, 21 March 2008.

“New Mo. Law Bars Disclosure of Executioners' Names.” Associated Press News, 7 July 2007. Available at http://www.firstmaendmentcenter.org/news/aspx?id18754

State v. Mata

Bedau, Hugo and Cassell, Paul. Debating the Death Penalty. New York: Oxford Univ. Press. 2004.

Cohen, Stanley. The Wrong Men: America's Epidemic of Wrongful Death Row Convictions. New York: Carroll and Graf. 2003.

Banner, Stuart. The Death Penalty: An American History. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press. 2003.

New York Senate Passes Bill to Reinstate Death Penalty

Fever, Alan. “Aversion to Death Penalty, But No Lack of Cases.” New York Times, 10 March 2008.

Schnittman, Suzanne. “Defacto National Moratorium Death on Penalty Ends.” Press Release, New Yorkers Against the Death Penalty (NYADP), undated. Available at http://www.nyadp.org/main/home

“Senate Passes Bill to Establish Death Penalty for Cop Killers.” New York State Senate Press Release dated 10 June 2008. Available at http://www.senate24/com/24/news/080610/senate_passes—bill_to—establish_death—penalty_for—coop_killers.aspx

“Senate Passes Death Penalty Legislation.” New York State Senate Press Release dated 20 June 2007. Available at http://www.senate.stat.ny.us

“Use of Federal Death Penalty Growing in New York State.” Press Release, New Yorkers Against the Death Penalty (NYADP), undated. Available at http://www.nyadp.org/main/home

Different Results for the Mentally Ill in Tennessee and South Carolina

“ACLU Successfully Challenges Conviction and Death Sentence of a Severely Mentally-Ill Man.” 8 March 2008. www.aclu.org/capital/mentalillness/30356res20070717.html

South Carolina v. Hill, No. 26477, April 28, 2008. Available at http://www.judicial.state.sc.us/opinions/displayOpinion.cfm?caseNo26477

Tennessee v. Taylor, No. M2005-01941-CCA-R3-DD, March 7, 2008. Available at www.aclu.org/capital/mentalillness/30356res20070717.html

No First Amendment Right to View Executions

“Ark. Journalists Seek Access to Entire Execution Process.” Associated Press News, 26 July 2007. Available at http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/news,aspx?id=18846

Moritz, Rob. “Lawsuit Filed to Open Execution Process.” Arkansas News Bureau, 26 July 2007.

Neil, Martha. “Court Finds No 1st Amendment Right To Witness Full Execution.” ABA Journal, 11 January 2008.

Satter, Linda. “Judge Dismisses Lawsuit Seeking Full Access to Executions.” Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, 9 January 2008.

“Witnesses Have No Right to View Entire Execution.” Associated Press News Release, 10 January 2008.

CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY (CIA)

Cia Releases its ‘Family Jewels’

“The CIA's Family Jewels.” National Security Archive, 26 June 2007, available at http://www.gwu.edu/nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB222/index.htm as retrieved on 28 April 2008.

DeYoung, Karen and Walter Pincus. “CIA Releases Files on Past Misdeeds.” Washington Post, 27 June 2007.

“Files on Illegal Spying Show C.I.A. Skeletons From Cold War.” New York Times, 26 June 2007.

Shane, Scott. “CIA to Release Documents on Decades-Old Misdeeds.” New York Times, 22 June 2007.

CIVIL RIGHTS

The Jena 6

Cammack, Mark and Garland, Norman. Advanced Criminal Procedure in a Nutshell. West Publishing Co. 2001.

Lewis, Jr., Harold and Norman, Elizabeth. Civil Rights Law and Practice. West Gropu. 2004.

Vieira, Norman. Constitutional Civil Rights in a Nutshell. West Group. 1998.

CLASS ACTION

Stoneridge v. Scientific Atlanta

Rugaber, Christopher S. “High Court to Consider Liability of ‘Secondary Actors’ in Securities Fraud.” Associated Press story, 27 March 2007, available at http://www.law.com

Stoneridge v. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. 552 U.S._; No. 06-43 (2008). Available at www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/06-43.htm

Stoneridge v. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. 552 U.S._; No. 06-43 (2008). The Oyez Project, available at http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2007/2007_06–43/

COMMERCE CLAUSE

Barron, Jerome, and Dienes, C. Thomas. Constitution Law in a Nutshell. West Group, 2005.

Chemerinsky, Erwin. Constitutional Law: Principles and Policies. 3rd Ed. Aspen Publishers, 2006.

Coenen, Dan. The Commerce Clause. Foundation Press, 2003.

COPYRIGHT

United States Loses Copyright Protections to Antigua

Eldon, Eric. “U.S. Faces Challenge to Online Gambling Ban.” VentureBeat, 23 August 2007.

Kanter, James and Gary Rivlin. “In Trade Ruling, Antigua Wins a Right to Piracy.” The New York Times, 22 December 2007.

Vlaemminck, Philipe, et al. “Free Trade in a Regulated World: the United States Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services in the WTO Dispute Settlement.” Public Gambling International, January 2008.

Ccia Report on ‘Fair Use’

Claburn, Thomas. “Fair Use Worth More to Economy Than Copyright, CCIA Says.” Information Week, 12 September 2007.

“Fair Use Economy Represents One-Sixth of U.S. GDP.” CCIA News Release, 12 September 2007. Available at http://www.ccianet.org/aartmanager/publish/news/First-Ever_Economic_Study—Calculates_Dollar—Value_of.shtml

Rogers, Thomas, et al. Fair Use in the U.S. Economy, CCIA Report, 2007. Available at http://www.ccianet.org

First Person Convicted for Illegal Music Downloading

Miller, Arthur R., and Davis, Michael H. Intellectual Property: Patents, Trademarks, and Copyright, 3rd Edition. West Group, 2000.

Poltorak, Alexander, and Lerner, Paul. Essentials of Intellectual Property. Wiley, 2002.

Shaw, Russell, and Mercer, David. Caution! Music & Video Downloading: Your Guide to Legal, Safe, and Trouble-Free Downloads. Wiley, 2004.

“The Family Guy” Subject to Three Lawsuits Filed in 2007

Associated Press, “It's ‘Wish Upon a Star’ vs. ‘Family Guy’,” CNN.com, October 4, 2007.

Hilden, Julie, “The Suit by Carol Burnett Against ‘The Family Guy’: Why Burnett Should Withdraw the Suit,” Findlaw.com, April 2, 2007, http://writ.news.findlaw.com/hilden/20070402.html

11th Circuit Sides with National Geographic in Copyright Dispute

McDonald, Robin, “11th Circuit Sides with National Geographic in Copyright Case,” Law.com, July 2, 2008.

McDonald, Robin, “National Geographic Case Reopens,” Law.com, September 4, 2007.

Author Sues Jerry and Jessica Seinfeld Over Cookbook

Hilden, Julie, “Seinfeld Sued: Will ‘Sneaky Chef’ Author Missy Chase Lapine Succeed in Her Suit Against Jerry and Jessica Seinfeld?,” Findlaw.com, January 15, 2008, http://writ.news.findlaw.com/hilden/20080115.html

Rich, Motoko, “How to Get Junior to Eat His Veggies Turns Out to Be (Too) Common Knowledge,” New York Times, October 19, 2007.

Heirs Reclaim Share of ‘Superman’ Copyright

Cieply, Michael. “Ruling Gives Heirs a Share of Superman Copyright.” The New York Times, 29 March 2008.

Okamoto, Sherri M. “Heirs of Co-Creator Reclaim ‘Superman’ Copyright.” Los Angeles Metropolitan News-Enterprise, 2 April 2008.

Steele, Auric D. “Who Owns Suerman?” The Brand, 21 August 2006.

Viacom v. Youtube

Gill, Jay. “District Court Compels Disclosure of YouTube User Logging Records, Protects Source Code.” Harvard Journal of Law & Technology, 12 July 2008.

“NY Court Orders YouTube User Records Released.” Internet Business Law Services (IBLS), 9 July 2008. Available at http://www.ibls.com/cs

Viacom International Inc. v. YouTube, No. 07 Civ. 3582 Available at www.findlaw.com

CORRUPTION

The Rise and Fall of Bernie Kerik

“Bernard Kerik: From Hero to Tabloid Target.” ABC News, 13 April 2005. Available at http://abcnews.com/print?id667625

Druckman, Ed. “Election 2008: Rudy Guiliani Calls Bernard Kerik, ‘Basically a Good Criminal’.” 13 November 2007. Available at http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/443511

Gaskell, Stephanie. “Former Iraq Commander: Bernard Kerik Was a ‘Waste of Time’ in Iraq.” New York Daily News, 5 May 2008.

Linzer, Dafna. “Kerik, Indicted on Corruption Charges, Pleads Not Guilty.” Washington Post, 10 November 2007.

COURTS

California Supreme Court is Nation's Most Influential, According to Report

Dear, Jake and Edward W. Jessen, “‘Followed Rates’ and Leading State Cases, 1940-2005,” UC Davis Law Review, Dec. 2007, 683.

Liptak, Adam, “Around the U.S., High Courts Follow California's Lead,” New York Times, March 12, 2008.

CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY

nfl Star Michael Vick Sentenced to 23 Months on Dogfighting Charges

Clayton, John, “Sentence Puts Vick's NFL Career in Jeopardy,” ESPN.com, December 10, 2007.

Maske, Mark, “Falcons' Vick Indicted in Dogfighting Case,” Washington Post, July 18, 2007, E1.

CRIMINAL LAW

u.s. v. Kreisel

Cammack, Mark and Garland, Norman. Advanced Criminal Procedure in a Nutshell. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co. 2001.

Dripps, Donald. About Guilt and Innocence: The Origins, Development, and Future of Constitutional Criminal Procedure. Praeger, 2002.

Sprack, John. A Practical Approach to Criminal Procedure, 11th Edition. Oxford University Press, 2006.

Watson v. United States

Cammack, Mark and Garland, Norman. Advanced Criminal Procedure in a Nutshell. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co. 2001.

Dripps, Donald. About Guilt and Innocence: The Origins, Development, and Future of Constitutional Criminal Procedure. Praeger, 2002.

Sprack, John. A Practical Approach to Criminal Procedure, 11th Edition. Oxford University Press, 2006.

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Release of Department of Justice Interrogation Tactics Memos

Crawford-Greenburg, Jan and Ariane de Vogue, “Bush Administration Blocked Waterboarding Critic.” ABC News Report, 2 November 2007. Available at http://abcnews.go.com/pring?id=3814076

“DOJ Memo Advised Military That Interrogations Not Limited by Criminal Law.” Paper Chase, The Jurist, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, 2 April 2008.

“Democrats Demand DOJ Interrogation Memos.” Paper Chase, The Jurist, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, 5 October 2007.

“DOJ Memos Supported ‘Severe’ Interrogation Tactics: NYT.” Paper Chase, The Jurist, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, 4 October 2007.

Shane, Scott, et al. “Secret U.S. Endorsement of Severe Interrogations.” The New York Times, 4 October 2007.

“'03 U.S. Memo Approved Harsh Interrogations.” The New York Times, 2 April 2008.

danforth v. Minnesota

Federman, Cary. The Body And the State: Habeas Corpus And American Jurisprudence. New York, NY: State University of New York Press. 2006.

Frank, Jerome. Courts on Trial. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 1973.

Freedman, Eric. Habeas Corpus: Rethinking the Great Writ of Liberty. New York: New York Univ. Press. 2003.

DISCRIMINATION

Cbocs West v. Humphries

CBOCS West, Inc. v. Humphries, No. 06-1431, 552 U.S._Available at www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/06-43.htm

CBOCS West, Inc. v. Humphries, No. 06-1431, 552 U.S._The Oyez Project, available at http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2007/2007_06–1431/

Tilley, Cristina Carmody. “CBOCS West, Inc. v. Humphries.” On the Docket, Northwestern School of Journalism, 27 May 2008.

DRUGS AND NARCOTICS

Burgess v. u.s.

Doyle, Michael, “S.C. Inmate's Supreme Court Win Earns Him Criminal Probe,” McClatchy Newspapers, March 24, 2008.

Kinnard, Meg, “Jailhouse Lawyer Gets Rare Nod from U.S. Supreme Court,” Law.com, February 6, 2008.

DRUGS AND NARCOTICS

Purdue Frederick Pleads Guilty to Misbranding Oxycontin

Johnson, Carrie, “OxyContin Makers Admit Deception,” Washington Post, May 11, 2007, A1.

Meier, Barry, “Big Part of OxyContin Profit Was Consumed by Penalties,” New York Times, June 19, 2007.

No Right of Access to Unapproved Drugs

Bailey, Ronald. “Whose Life is it Anyway?” Reason, 2 March 2007.

Patsner, Bruce. “Dying Patients and Their ‘Right’ to Unapproved Drugs: Did the D.C. Circuit Finally Get it Right in Abigail Alliance?” 2007.

Wang, Shirley S. “Supremes Back FDA on Limits for Unapproved Drugs.” Wall Street Journal, 14 January 2008.

EDUCATION

Schools Crack Down on Candy, Sweaters

Associated Press, “School Clears Kids in Contraband Candy Caper,” CNN.com, March 13, 2008.

Vogler, Mark E., “Student Suspended for Wearing Sweater,” The Eagle-Tribune, March 14, 2008, http://www.eagletribune.com/archivesearch/local_story—073070943.html.

EDUCATION

Board of Education of the City School District of the City of New york v. Tom f.

Alexander, Kern, and Alexander, M. David. The Law of Schools, Students and Teachers in a Nutshell. 3rd. Ed. St. Paul: West Group, 2003.

Gerstein, Ralph, and Gerstein, Lois. Law: An Essential Guide for Attorneys, Teachers, Administrators, Parents, and Students. New York: Lawyers and Judges Publishing, 2007.

Gurney, Allen. Special Education and the Law. 2nd Ed. New York: Corwin Press, 2006.

EIGHTH AMENDMENT

Baze v. Rees

King, Gilbert, “Cruel and Unusual History,” New York Times, April 23, 2008.

Savage, David G., “Supreme Court Finds Lethal Injections a Humane Means of Execution,” Los Angeles Times, April 17, 2008.

ELDER LAW

jury Acquits Nursing Home Owners ofkatrina Drownings

“Editor's Page.” Surgical Rounds, October 2006.

Gullette, Margaret Morganroth. “Tragic Toll of Age Bias.”

Nossiter, Adam. “Nursing Home Owners Acquitted in Deaths.” New York Times, 8 September 2007.

Rosen-Molina, Mike. “New Orleans Nursing Home Owners Found Not Guilty of Katrina Drowning Deaths.” The Jurist, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, 7 September 2007.

Whoriskey, Peter. “Nursing Home Owners Acquitted in Katrina Deaths.” Washington Post, 8 September 2007.

ELECTIONS

Crawford v. Marion County Election Board

Barnes, Robert, “Justices May Iron Out Compromise on Voter ID,” Washington Post, January 10, 2008, A3.

Stout, David, “Supreme Court Upholds Voter Identification Law in Indiana,” New York Times, April 29, 2008.

Internet Becomes a Major Medium During 2008 Campaign

Associated Press, “2008 Candidates Gear Up for Internet Campaigning,” CNN.com, June 8, 2007.

Garry, Stephanie, “Candidates Court Young Voters Online,” St. Petersburg Times, June 8, 2007.

Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, Social Networking and Online Videos Take Off: Internet's Broader Role in Campaign 2008 (January 11, 2008).

New York State Board of Elections v. Lopez-torres

Carp, Robert. Judicial Process in America, 7th Edition. CQ Press, 2007.

Slotnick, Elliot. Judicial Politics, 3rd. Edition. CQ Press, 2005.

Streb, Matthew. Running for Judge: The Rising Political, Financial, and Legal Stakes of Judicial Elections. New York University Press, 2007.

EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION

Federal Express Corporation v. Holowecki

Gregory, Raymond. Age Discrimination in the American Workplace. Rutgers University Press, 2001.

Macnicol, John. Age Discrimination: An Historical and Contemporay Analysis. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Sargeant, Malcom. Age Discrimination in Employment. Ashgate Publishing, 2007.

EMPLOYMENT LAW

California and Oregon Rule on Employer Accommodation of Medical Marijuana

“2007-2008 BILL 220: Marijuana.” Available at http://www.scstatehouse.net/sess117_2007-2008/bills/220.htm

“California Assembly Votes to Protect Medical Marijuana Patients' Right to Work.” Americans for Safe Access (ASA) Press Release, 28 May 2008. Available at http://www.safeaccessnow.org/article.php?id5524

McCall, William. “Oregon Court of Appeals Protects Medical Marijuana.” The Seattle Times, 11 June 2008.

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW

California Sues the Epa for Waiver on Car Emissions

Findley, Roger and Farber, Daniel. Environmental Law in a Nutshell. 6th Ed. West Publishing, 2006.

Freeman, Jody and Kulstad, Charles. Moving to Markets in Environmental Regulation: Lessons from Twenty Years of Experience. Oxford University Press, 2006.

McMahon, Robert. The Environmental Protection Agency: Structuring Motivation In A Green Bureaucracy. Sussex Academic Press, 2006.

All Things Green

Ball, Jeffrey. “Setting New Carbon Standards.” The Wall Street Journal, 19 November 2007.

“Group Launches Voluntary Carbon Standard.” Environmental Leader, 19 November 2007. Available at http://www.environmentalleader.com/2007/11/19/group-launches-voluntary.

Herrera, Tilde. “Adding the Enviroment to the Scales of Justice.” 19 May 2008. Available at http://greenbiz.com.print/24302

“Markey Announces Revolutionary Global Warming Bill.” Press Release, Office of Congressman Edward Markey, 28 May 2008.

“Mortgage Lenders Embrace Push for Green Buildings.” Greenbiz, 17 September 2007. Available at http://www.greenerbuildings.com

Scherer, Ron. “Even as Economy Lags, Corporate ‘Green’ Push May Advance.” Christian Science Monitor, 15 October 2007.

Shapiro, Sherri. “Green Building Law: Title IX of the House Energy Bill.” 16 April 2007.

“Voluntary Carbon Market Tripled in 2007, Hit $331 Million.” Environmental Leader, 19 November 2007.

ERISA

la Rue v. deWollf, Boberg & Associates, Inc.

Conison, Jay. Employee Benefits in a Nutshell, 3rd Ed. West Group, 2003.

Rosenbloom, Jerry. The Handbook of Employee Benefits, 6th Ed. McGraw-Hill, 2005.

Ziesenheim, Ken. Understanding ERISA: A Compact Guide to the Landmark Act. Marketplace Books, 2002.

ESPIONAGE

No Standing to Challenge Government Spying

ACLU v. NSA, 493 F.3d 644; cert. den., No. 07-468, 553 U.S._. Available at www.findlaw.com

“High Court Denies Review of Sixth Circuit Rejection of NSA-Telecom Spying Challenge.” Electronic Commerce & Law Report, Published by BNA, Vol 13, No. 9, 27 February 2008.

“Recent Cases: Supreme Court Won't Hear Domestic Spying Challenge.” Harvard Law Review, January 2008.

EXCLUSIONARY DOCTRINE

Virginia v. Moore

Eisman, Dale, “Portsmouth Case to Test Limits in Police Searches,” The Virginian-Pilot, January 14, 2008.

Mears, Bill, “Supreme Court Broadens Police Searches,” CNN.com, April 23, 2008.

EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE

White House Visitor Logs are Public

Ashworth, Jennifer, and Cleveland, Bernita. Freedom of Information Act Guide. Washington, D.C.:Office of Information and Privacy, 2007.

Crenson, Matthew, and Ginsberg, Benjamin Presidential Power: Unchecked and Unbalanced. New York: Norton, 2007.

Rozell, Mark. Executive Privilege: Presidential Power, Secrecy, and Accountability. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas, 2002.

FALSE CLAIMS ACT

Allison Engine co. v. United States

Mauro, Tony, “Did Allison Engine Case Throw a Rod Before the U.S. Supreme Court?,” Law.com, February 27, 2008.

Wehrman, Jessica, “Whistleblower Law Applies to Subcontractors, High Court Rules,” Dayton Daily News, June 9, 2008.

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION

Fox Television Stations, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission

Carter, T. Barton. Mass Communications Law in a Nutshell. 6th ed. West Group, 2006.

Tomlinson, Richard. Tele-Revolution Penobscot Press, 2000.

Zarkin, Kimberly and Zarkin, Michael. The Federal Communications Commission. Greenwood Press, 2006.

fcc Changes Media OwnershiP Rules

Carter, T. Barton. Mass Communications Law in a Nutshell. 6th ed. West Group, 2006.

Tomlinson, Richard. Tele-Revolution. Penobscot Press, 2000.

Zarkin, Kimberly and Zarkin, Michael. The Federal Communications Commission. Greenwood Press, 2006.

FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION

Merck Settles Vioxx Lawsuits

Epstein, Richard A. Overdose: How Excessive Government Regulation Stifles Pharmaceutical Innovation. Yale University Press, 2006.

Hawthorne, Fran. Inside the FDA: The Business and Politics Behind the Drugs We Take and the Food We Eat. Wiley, 2005.

Pina, Kenneth R. A Practical Guide to Food and Drug Law and Regulation. 2nd Ed. Food and Drug Law Institute, 2002.

FIRST AMENDMENT

Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party

Cain, Bruce, and Gerber, Elizabeth, editors. Voting at the Political Fault Line: California's Experiment with the Blanket Primary. University of California Press, 2002.

Hershey, Marjorie. Party Politics in America. 13th ed. Longman, 2008.

Jewell, Malcom, and Morehouse, Sally. Political Parties and Elections in American States. 4th ed. CQ Press, 2000.

u.s. v. Williams

Barron, Jerome, Dienes, Thomas. First Amendment Law in a Nutshell, 3rd ed. West Group, 2004.

Farber, Daniel. The First Amendment: Concepts and Insights. Foundation Press, 2002.

Sunstein, Cass. Democracy and the Problem of Free Speech. Free Press, 1995.

FRAUD

Seventh Circuit Upholds Criminal Convictions of Conrad Black

Marek, Lynne. “Black Verdicts Are In, but the Case Is Far From Over.” The National Law Journal, 24 July 2007.

Robinson, Mike. “7th Circuit Upholds Black's Fraud Conviction,” 26 June 2008. Available at http://www.law.com/jsp/law/LawArticle.jsp?id=1202422548507

U.S. v. Black, Conrad, No. 07-4080 (7th Cir. 2008) Available at http://www.findlaw.com

Wisniewski, Mary. “Appeals Court Upholds Conrad Black's Conviction.” Chicago Sun-Times, 25 June 2008.

David Chalmers and Bayoil Companies Sentenced

“Texas Oil Executive Sentenced for Crimes Involving Illegal Kickbacks to Iraq Using Oil-for-Food Program.” Muncie Free Press, 7 March 2008.

“Texas Oil Executive and Two Corporations Sentenced on Charges Involving A Scheme to Pay Secret Kickbacks …” U.S. Dept. of Justice Press Release, 7 March 2008.

“U.S. Announces Four Guilty Pleas in Oil-for-Food Case.” Press Release, Office of the U.S. Attorney Southern District of New York, 17 August 2007. Available at www.usdoj.gov/usao/nys/pressreleases/August07/chalmersdionissievbayoiloilforfoodpleaspr.pdf

U.S. v. Chalmers, No. Si-05-CR-59(DC). Available at www.findlaw.com

Democratic Fundraiser Norman Hsu Sentenced and Charged Again

Cary, Lee. “Norman Hsu Who?” American Thinker, 14 April 2008.

Cote, Jon. “Ex-Fugitive Fundraiser Gets 3 Years in Glove Scam from 1990s.” San Francisco Chronicle, 5 January 2008.

Dugan, Ianthe Jeanne. “What Made Norman Hsu Run?” Wall Street Journal, 8 September 2007.

Jordan, Lara Jakes. “Clinton to Return $850,000 Raised by Hsu.” New York Daily News, 10 September 2007.

FREEDOM OF RELIGION

First Circuit Upholds Teaching About Same-sex Families

“Court Upholds Dismissal of David Parker Lawsuit Over School's Same-Sex Teaching.” Boston Globe, 2 February 2008.

Haynes, Charles C. “Sexual Orientation and Public Schools: All or Nothing?” 17 February 2008. Available at www.firstamendmentcenter.org

Parker v. Hurley, No. 07-1528 (CA1 2008), Available at www.findlaw.com Connecticut Supreme Court Upholds Denial of Buddhist Temple “Buddhists Not Immune from Land-Use Regulation,” National Law Journal, February 18, 2008, 17.

Tuohy, Lynne, “Denial of Buddhist Temple Upheld,” Hartford Courant, January 31, 2008, A1.

FREEDOM OF SPEECH

Ninth Circuit Upholds Online Vote Swapping

Porter v. Bowen, No. 06-55517 (9th Cir. 2007) Available at www.findlaw.com

Rosencrance, Linda. “Vote-swapping Over the Internet is Legal, Court Finds.” Computer World, 7 August 2007.

Singer, Michael. “Vote Swap Site Gets Court O.K.” Internet News Realtime, 7 February 2003. Available at www.internetnews.com/bus-news/article.php/1581161

Westboro Baptist Church Held Liable for Protesting Military Funeral

Belzman, Josh, “Anti-Gay Church Sparks Free-Speech Fight,” MSNBC.com, January 23, 2008.

Gomez, Alan, $11M Verdict in Funeral Protestors Case,” USA Today, October 31, 2007.

GAMBLING

nba Referee Admits to Betting on Games

Associated Press, “Donaghy Pleads Guilty, Could Face Up to 25 Years in Prison,” ESPN.com, August 15, 2007.

Munson, Lester, “Donaghy's Guilty Pleas Don't Answer All the Questions,” ESPN.com, August 15, 2007.

STATE CONTINUE TO LOOK TO GAMBLING TO SOLVE BUDGET WOES

Bousquet, Steve, “Crist May Bet State Budget on Gambling,” St. Petersburg Times, August 22, 2007.

Dreyfuss, Barbara T., “Politicians Bet the Farm,” American Prospect, August 22, 2007.

Schultz, Randy, “Crist Plays the Same Old Bad Hand,” Palm Beach Post, August 26, 2007.

GAY AND LESBIAN RIGHTS

Martinez v. County of Monroe

Gay Marriage. New York: Holt Paperbacks, 2004.

Gerstmann, Evan. Same-Sex Marriage and the Constitution. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Sullivan, Andrew. Same-Sex Marriage: Pro and Con. New York: Vintage, 2004.

Chambers v. Ormiston Gay Marriage. New York: Holt Paperbacks, 2004.

Gerstmann, Evan. Same-Sex Marriage and the Constitution. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Sullivan, Andrew. Same-Sex Marriage: Pro and Con. New York: Vintage, 2004.

HABEAS CORPUS

allen v. Siebert

Banner, Stuart. The Death Penalty: An American History. 2003. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Kurtis, Bill. The Death Penalty on Trial: Crisis in American Justice. 2004. New York: Public Affairs.

Zimring, Franklin. The Contradictions of American Capital Punishment. 2004. New York: Oxford University Press.

Boumediene v. Bush

Barnes, Robert. “Court Says Guantanamo Detainees Have Right to Challenge Detention.” Washington Post. June 12, 2008.

Savage, David. “Supreme Court Again Says Guantanamo Prisoners Should Have Rights.” Los Angeles Times. June 12, 2008.

Stout, David. “Justices Rule Terror Suspects Can Appeal in Civilian Courts.” New York Times. June 13, 2008.

Munaf v. Geran

“McCain's Challenge on Security.” The New York Observer, 27 June 2008.

Munaf v. Geran, No. 06-1666; 553 U.S._, Available at www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/06-43.htm

“Munaf v. Geran,” U.S. Supreme Court Media Publications, The Oyez Project, available at http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2007/2007_06–1666

Vladeck, Stephen. “Deconstructing Hirota: Habeas Corpus, Citizenship, and Article III.” Georgetown Law Journal, Vol 95:1497, 2007.

IDENTITY THEFT

Fourth Circuit Upholds Verdict Against Equifax

Cooper, Alan, “Virginia Court Rules Identity Theft Victim to Get $532,000 from Equifax,” Daily Record and Kansas City Daily News-Press, September 23, 2006.

Sebok, Anthony J., “The Major Verdict in a Recent Identity Theft Case: How It Underlines the Risk for Financial Reporting Companies, and the Difficulty of Calculating Accurate Damages in This Area,” Findlaw.com, January 7, 2008, http://writ.lp.findlaw.com/sebok/20080107.html

IMMIGRATION

Ninth Circuit Upholds Arizona's Ban on Hiring Illegal Immigrants

“Arizona Law Banning the Hiring of Illegal Immigrants is Upheld.” New York Times, 8 February 2008.

Archibold, Randal C. “Arizona Governor Signs Tough Bill on Hiring Illegal Immigrants.” New York Times, 3 July 2007.

Gonzalez, Daniel. “Migrants Fleeing as Hiring Law Nears.” The Arizona Republic, 26 August 2007.

Riccardi, Nicholas. “Appeals Court Denies Injunction Against Controversial Arizona Law.” The Los Angeles Times, 29 February 2008.

Riccardi, Nicholas. “Arizona Slams Door on Illegal Iimmigrants.” Los Angeles Times, 5 April 2008.

Illegal Immigration Woes

“Bush Administration's Immigration Reform Fails.” American Law Yearbook, 2007.

“Bush Urges Congress to Get Past Differences on Immigration Bill.” FOXNews.com, 15 June 2007. Available at http://www.foxnews.com/story?id=0,3566,282772,00.html

Francis, David. “Election-year Politics: Why Immigration Reform Will Have to Wait.” Christian Science Monitor, 11 February 2008.

Gaouette, Nicole. “Homeland Security Report Faults Care of Detained Immigrants.” Los Angeles Times, 3 July 2008.

“Improving Border Security and Immigration.” White House Press Release, 10 August 2007. Available at http://www.gov.news/relese/2007/08/20070810.html

Preston, Julia. “Employers Fight Tough Measures on Immigration.” The New York Times, 6 July 2008.

INSURANCE

Louisiana Attorney General Sues Insurance Companies

Kunzelman, Michael. “Foti Files Lawsuit Against Insurance Companies, Alleges Price-Fixing.” The Southern Digest, 7 November 2007.

“Louisiana Charges Price Fixing by Insurers.” New York Times, 8 November 2007.

Mobray, Rebecca. “Louisiana Insurers Accused of Scheming to Reduce Storm Payouts.” New Orleans' Times-Picayune, 10 November 2007.

Myers, Emily. “Attorney General's Office Files Suit Against Insurance Companies.” National Association of Attorneys General News Release, 8 November 2007. Available at http://www.naag.org/attorney_general's_office—files_suit—against_insurance_companies.php

Tuepker v. State Farm Fire & Casualty Company

Clarke, Malcolm. Policies and Perceptions of Insurance Law in the Twenty First Century. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.

Dobbyn, John. Insurance Law in a Nutshell. 4th Ed. St. Paul, MN: West Group, 2003.

Keeton, Robert. Insurance Law. St. Paul: West Group, 1988.

INTERNATIONAL LAW

CANADIAN SUPREME COURT REFUSES ASYLUM APPEAL BY US ARMY DESERTER

Buergenthal, Thomas, and Muprhy, Sean. Public International Law in a Nutshell. 4th ed. Thomson West, 2006.

Jinks, Derek. The Rules of War: The Geneva Conventions in the Age of Terror. Oxford University Press, 2008.

Murphy, Sean. Principles of International Law. Thomson West, 2006.

JURIES

SNYDER V. LOUISIANA

Lieberman, Joel, and Sales, Bruce. Scientific Jury Selection. American Psychological Association, 2006.

Starr, V. Hale, and McCormick, Mark. Jury Selection. Third Edition. Aspen Law and Business Publishers, 2000.

Vidmar, Neil, and Hans, Valerie. American Juries. Prometheus Books, 2007.

LEGAL AID

California Joins States Expanding Legal Aid Funds

“Assembly Bill No. 1723 Chapter 422 …” Courtesy California Bar Association. Available at bog.calbar.org/docs/agendaitem/agendaitem1000001056.pdf

“Bill Analysis.” California Assembly Judiciary Committee, 13 June 2007. Available at http://info.sen.ca .gov/pub/07-08/bill/asm/ab_1701-1750/ab_1723-cfa_20070628_113153—sen_floor.html

“Frequently Asked Questions.” California State Bar Association. Available at http://www.calsb.org/state/calbar/calbar_generic.jsp?cid10717&id3248 as retrieved on Mar 30, 2008.

Ofgang, Kenneth. “Governor Signs Interst on Lawyer Trust Accounts Bill.” Metropolitan News-Enterprise, 12 October 2007.

LEWDNESS

Senator Larry Craig Disgraced in Airport Restroom Incident

Herszenhorn, David M. and Duff Wilson, “Craig Goes on Offensive, Angering G.O.P. Leaders,” New York Times, September 6, 2007.

Yardley, William and Carl Hulse, “Craig Will Remain in Senate Until Judge Rules,” New York Times, September 27, 2007.

MAGISTRATE

Gonzalez v. United States

Gonzalez v. United States, Cornell University School of Law Available at http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/cert/06-11612.html

Gonzalez v. United States, No. 06-11612, 553 U.S._, Available at www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/06-43.htm

Gonzalez v. United States, Supreme Court Media, The Oyez Project, available at http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2007/2007_06–11612/

MALICIOUS PROSECUTION

Framed Men Awarded $101.7 Million From Federal Government

Associated Press, “U.S. Must Pay $101.7 Million to Men Framed by FBI,” CNN.com, July 26, 2007.

Murphy, Shelley and Brian R. Ballou, “US Ordered to Pay $101.7m in False Murder Convictions,” Boston Globe, July 26, 2007.

MALPRACTICE

Revisiting the Feres Doctrine

“A Question Of Care: Military Malpractice?” CBS Evening News, 31 January 2007. Available at www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/01/31/eveningnews/main3776580.shtml as retrieved on Apr 21, 2008.

“Feres Follies.” USA Today, 12 April 2007.

Rosche, Walter F. Jr., “Military Medical Malpractice: Seeking Recourse.” Los Angeles Times, 20 April 2008.

Stilman, Dale Frost. “Military Families Battle Feres Doctrine.” New Jersey State Bar Foundation's Legal Eagle, 2007.

Turley, Jonathan. “What Our Soldiers Really Need: Lawyers.” USA Today, 12 April 2007.

Veterans for Equal Justice Under Law (VERPA LLC) “VERPA Renewed National Petition To Reform The Feres Doctrine Via The ‘Military & Veterans Equal Rights Protection Act’ or short title ‘V'ERPA Act’.” Available at http://www.ipetitions.com/petition/VERPA2008/ as retrieved on Feb 28, 2008.

MCCAIN, JOHN

“John Sidney McCain, III.” Encyclopedia of World Biography Supplement, Vol. 25. Thomson Gale, 2005. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2008. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC

MEDICARE

Merck Settles Whistleblower Suit for $659 Million

Johnson, Carrie. “Merck to Pay $650 Million in Medicaid Settlement.” Washington Post, 8 February 2008, p. A01.

McSherry, Robert Woodman. “Whistle-Blowers Share $92 Million in Medicaid Fraud Settlements.” Andrews Litigation Reporter, Vol 13, Issue 8, 8 February 2008.

“Merck Pays $400 Million in National Medicaid Fraud Settlement.” Taxpayers Against Fraud press release, 7 February 2008, available at www.drugfraudsettlement.com

Neil, Martha. “Merck Agrees to $650M Settlement in Medicaid Health Care Fraud.” American Bar Association ABA Journal, 7 February 2008.

MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

Whole Foods Ceo Trashes Competitor Prior to Take-over

Dubrow, Jon B. and Carla A.R. Hine. “How Did Whole Foods Ever Manage to Pull it Off?” Daily Business Review, 8 November 2007.

Federal Trade Commission, Plaintiff, v. Whole Foods Market, Inc., and Wild Oats Markets, Inc., (United States District Court for the District of Columbia) Civ. No. 07-cv-01021-PLF, FTC File No. 071 0114. Available at http://www.ftc.gov/os/caselist/0710114/0710114.shtm as retrieved on Apr 3, 2008.

Fineman, Josh and Oliver Staley. “FTC Will Try to Block Whole Foods, Wild Oats Merger.” Bloomberg News. Available at http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid20601087&id aMdXMHXI2XOc&referhome.

Moore, Angela. “Whole Foods to Acquire Wild Oats,” MarketWatch, 22 February 2007.

“Whole Foods CEO's Anonymous Online Life.” MSNBC News, 12 July 2007. Available at http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19718742

“Whole Foods Market Closes Acquisition of Wild Oats Markets, Secures $700 Million Senior Term Loan to Fund Merger and Signs New Five-Year $250 Million Revolver.” Whole Foods Market Inc. Press Release, 28 August 2008. Available at http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/investor/pr07_08-28.html

“Wild Oats Acquisition Causes Dip in Whole Foods' Bottom Line.” New Mexico Business World Weekly, 20 February 2008.

MONEY LAUNDERING

Cuellar v. United States

Greenhouse, Linda, “Justices Weigh If Cash Hidden is Cash Laundered,” New York Times, February 26, 2008.

Yost, Pete, “Court Rules for Defendants on Money Laundering,” Associated Press, June 2, 2008.

MORTGAGE

THE 2007-2008 SUBPRIME CRISIS

Bajaj, Vikas and Louise Story. “Mortgage Crisis Spreads Past Subprime Loans.” The New York Times, 12 February 2008.

Dodd, Randall and Paul Miller. “Outbreak: U.S. Subprime Contagion.” Finance & Development, Vol. 45, No. 2, June 2008.

Labaton, Stephen. “Bush Offers Plan to Save Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac.” The New York Times, 14 July 2008.

Labaton, Stephen and David M. Herszenhorn. “Opposition, From Both Parties, Over Bailout Plan.” The New York Times, 16 July 2008.

Muolo, Paul and Mathew Padilla. Chain of Blame: How Wall Street Caused the Mortgage and Credit Crisis. Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008.

Reinhard, Carmen M. and Kenneth S. Rogoff. “Is the 2007 U.S. Sub-Prime Financial Crisis So Different? An International Historical Comparison.” Harvard Faculty Research Paper. Available at http://www.economics.harvard.edu/faculty/rogoff/files/Is_the-2007_U.S.-Sub-Prime_Finaincial_Crisis-so_Different.pdf

“Michael B. Mukasey.” Biography Resource Center Online. Gale, 2007. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2008. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC

MURDER

Murder-suicide Ruling in Pro-wrestler Benoit Case

“Cops Eye 'roid Rage in Wrestler's Murder-Suicide.” NBC News, 27 June 2007. Available at http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/19424899/site/21683474 as retrieved on March 30, 2008.

Dornin, Rusty and Adam Reiss. “'Roid Rage Questions Surround Benoit Murder-Suicide,” CNN News, 26 June 2007. Available at http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/06/27/wrestler/index.html.

Mooneyham, Mike. “Benoit Incident Marred Pro-Wrestling in '07.” Charleston Post and Courier, 30 December 2007.

“Police Paint Grisly Picture of Benoit Home.” ABC News Report, 26 June 2007. Available at http://www.abcnews.com/Sports/story?id3315501&page=1

“Steroids, Drugs Found in Benoit, Wife, Son.” CBS News, 17 July 2007. Available at http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/07/17/national/main3066550.shtml

New York Manconvicted of Murder in Internet Hoax Case

Eltman, Frank, “NY Man on Trial in Slaying of White Teen,” USA Today, December 18, 2007.

Chun, Susan, “Jury Deliberates Case of Internet Hoax That Led to Deadly Shooting,” CNN.com, December 20, 2007.

Serial Killer Krajcir Admits to Decades-old Killings

“Confessed Killer Had Law Enforcement Degree.” CNN News Report, 12 December 2007. Available at of http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/law/12/12/missouri.killings.ap/index.html as retrieved on 30 March 2008.

Gay, Malcolm. “Man Who Admits 6 Killings is Tied …” New York Times, 14 December 2007.

Salter, Jim. “Preliminary Hearing Set for Krajcir.” Chicago Tribune, 13 March 2008

“Sex Offender Who Admitted to Killing 9 in Missouri, Illinois Studied Law Enforcement.” FOX News Report, 17 December 2007. Available at http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,316537,00.html as retrieved on 30 March 2008.

Suhr, Jim. “Inmate Sentenced in Killing Spree.” WJLA Local News Report (ABC News), Marion, Illinois, 18 January 2008. Available at http://www.wjla.com/news/stories/0108/489133.html as retrieved on 30 March 2008.

Klansman James Ford Seale Convicted for Role in 1964 Deaths

“Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales Holds a Justice Department News Briefing on the Indictment of James Ford Seale.” FDCH Political Transcripts, 25 January 2007.

“James Seale Suspected of Killing Black Teenagers; Indictment on Thursday.” MSNBC News, 14 June 2007. Available at http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19234202/ as retrieved on Mar 31, 2008

Mudhar, Raju. “Cracking a Very Old Case.” Toronto Star, 26 January 2007.

“Reputed Klansman Convicted in 1964 Deaths.” MSNBC News, 14 June 2007. Available at http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19234202/ as retrieved on Mar 31, 2008

“Former Mississippi Klansman Sentenced to Three Life Terms in Prison for Role in 1964 Kidnapping and Murder of Two African-American Men.” U.S. Dept. of Justice Press Release, 24 August 2007. Available at http://jackson.fbi.gov/dojpressrel/pressrel07/klansman082407.htm as retrieved on Apr 1, 2008.

Mistrial and Retrial in Phil Spector Murder Case

Booth, William, and Sara Geis. “Hung Jury for Phil Spector in Latest Case of Celeb Justice.” Washington Post, 27 September 2007, Section C01.

“DA: Phil Spector Will Face Retrial.” KNCB-TV News, Los Angeles, 27 September 2007. Available at http://www.knbc.com/entertainment/14208522/detail.html?dl=mainclick as

Deutsch, Linda. “Judge in Phil Spector Retrial Rebuffs Defense Motion to Disqualify Him for Prejudice.” Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune, 26 March 2008.

“Murder Retrial Penciled in for September 2008” Associated Press. December 10, 2007.

“Phil Spector Lawyer Needs Time for Retrial.” New York Daily News, 8 December 2008.

“Phil Spector Wants LA Judge Dismissed From Murder Retrial.” San Francisco Gate, 13 March 2008. Available at http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/03/13/state/n121907D59.DTL&tsp=1 as retrieved on 3 April 2008.

NATIVE AMERICAN RIGHTS

Cobell v. Kempthorne

Canby, William. American Indian Law in a Nutshell. St. Paul, MN: West. 2004 Fourth Edition.

Wilkins, David. Uneven Ground: American Indian Sovereignty and Federal Law. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. 2002.

Wilkins, David. American Indian Sovereignty and the U.S. Supreme Court. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. 1997.

OBAMA, BARACK

“Barack Obama.” Biography Resource Center Online.

Gale, 2004. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2008. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC

PARALEGAL

Richlin Security Service Co. v. Chertoff

Asimow, Michael, A Guide to Federal Agency Adjudication, Chicago, Ill.: Section of Administrative Law and Regulatory Practice, American Bar Association, 2003.

Coyle, Marcia, “Supreme Court to Hear Arguments Over Reimbursement of Paralegal Costs,” National Law Journal, March 17, 2008.

PATENTS

Microsoft and Alcatel-Lucent Battle Over MP3 and Other Patents in Court

Hansell, Saul, “MP3 Patents in Upheaval After Verdict,” New York Times, February 23, 2007.

St. Onge, Jeff, “Microsoft, Dell Lose Bid to Void Alcatel Lawsuit” Seattle Post-Intelligencer, October 2, 2007.

PERJURY

Detroit Mayor Kwame Kilpatrick Charged with Perjury

Ashenfelter, David, Joe Swickard, and Zachary Gorchow, “Kilpatrick and Beatty Surrender,” Detroit Free Press, March 24, 2008.

Gorchow, Zachary, “Kilpatrick Vows to Stay Put After City Council Asks for Resignation,” Detroit Free Press, March 18, 2008.

Scooter Libby Convicted of Perjury in CIA Leak Case

Plame, Valerie. Fair Game: My Life as a Spy, My Betrayal by the White House. Simon and Schuster, 2007.

Weiner, Tim. Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA Anchor, 2008.

National Public Radio, “Timeline: The CIA Leak Case.” Available at http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4764919

PREEMPTION

Chamber of Commerce v. Brown

Associated Press, “Court Rejects California Union Law,” Chicago Tribune, June 19, 2008.

Savage, David G., “Supreme Court Rejects California Law on Anti-Union Speech,” Los Angeles Times, June 19, 2008.

PREEMPTION

Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc.

Epstein, Richard. Federal Preemption. AEI Press, 2007.

O'Reilly, James. Federal Preemption of State and Local Law. American Bar Association, 2006.

Zimmerman, Joseph. Congressional Preemption. State University of New York Press, 2006.

PRIVACY

Fifth Circuit Strikes Down Texas Ban on Sex Toys

Brown, Angela K., “5th Circuit Overturns Texas Sex Toys Ban,” Law.com, February 14, 2008.

Kreytak, Steven, “Court Overturns Texas Ban on Sex Toys,” Austin American-Statesman, February 14, 2008.

PRODUCT LIABILITY

FDA Issues Warnings About Botox and Myobloc

Ault, Alicia, “FDA Issues Warning on Botulinum Toxin Injections,” Internal Medicine News, March 1, 2008.

Simons, John, “A Wrinkle in the Botox Story,” CNNMoney.com, February 12, 2008.

Contamination Leads to Massive Pet Food Recall

Associated Press, “Owners Watching Pets After Food Recall,” MSNBC.com, March 21, 2007.

Thornton, Kim Campbell, “A Year After Pet Food Recall, Still Buyer Beware,” MSNBC.com, March 17, 2008.

Warner-Lambert Co. v. Kent

Greenhouse, Linda, “Court Allows Suit Against Drug Maker,” New York Times, March 4, 2008.

Harris, Gardiner, “Court Considers Protecting Drug Makers From Lawsuits,” New York Times, February 26, 2008.

PROSTITUTION

N.Y. Governor Eliot Spitzer Linked to Prostitution Ring

Hakim, Danny and William K. Rashbaum, “Spitzer Is Linked To Prostitution Ring,” New York Times, March 10, 2008.

Van Natta Jr., Don, and Jo Becker, “Spitzer Fall Began with Bank Reports,” New York Times, March 13, 2008.

PUBLIC UTILITIES

Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc. v. Public Utility Dist. No. 1

Coyle, Marcia, “Energy Contracts Spark High-Stakes Supreme Court Case,” Law.com, February 13, 2008.

Douglass, Elizabeth, “Supreme Court Deals Blow to States on Electricity,” Los Angeles Times, June 27, 2008.

PUNITIVE DAMAGES

Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker

Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker, No. 07-219, 554 U.S.—Available at www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/07-219.htm

Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker, No. 07-219, 554 U.S.—The Oyez Project, available at http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2007/2007-07-219/

Loeb, Ellen and Ginger McCall, “Exxon Shipping v. Baker.” Cornell University Law School Law Information Institute publication, available at http://law.cornell.edu/supct/cert/07-219.htmll/.

“Supreme Court Did Not Apply a Constitutional Standard in Exxon Shipping v. Baker.” The Conservation Report, 26 June 2008.

RAILROADS

CSX Transportation, Inc. v. Georgia State Board of Equalization

Appraisal Institute The Appraisal of Real Estate, 12th ed. Appraisal Institute, 2001.

Dooley, Frank. Railroad Law a Decade After Deregulation. Quorum Books, 1994.

Ely, James. Railroads and American Law. University of Kansas Press, 2001.

RECALL

Recall on Chinese Products

Lindner, Melanie. “Another China Recall, This Time for Starbucks.” Forbes 10 October 2007.

National Public Radio (NPR), series of news reports, including, “Pet Food Deaths: FDA Blocks Gluten from China,” 2 April 2007; “Chinese Inquiry Cites Need for Product Controls,” 9 May 2007; “Thomas Tank Engine Toy Recall Angers Parents,” 22 June 2007; and “Tires are Latest Chinese Recall in U.S.,” 26 June 2007. Available at http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=

“Toxic Trade: Guess Which Country Topped 2007 Recall List?” WorldNetDaily online magazine, 25 February 2008. Available at http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=57069

REPARATION

Legislative Efforts Increase for Wrongful Convictions

Berger, Vivian. “The Wrongful Convictions Tax Relief Act of 2007.” From National Law Journal March 2008.

Browning, John G. “Legally Speaking: Compensating the Exonerated.” Southeast Texas Record, 30 November 2007.

Radnofsky, Louise. “Compensating the Wrongly Convicted.” Prospect 7 July 2007.

Santos, Fernanda. “Bill Would Give Tax Break to Exonerated Prisoners.” New York Times, 7 December 2007.

Ward, Damin. “Compensation for the Wrongfully Convicted.” Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder, 19 January 2007.

RICO

Chicago Mobsters Convicted of Decades-Old Murders

Associated Press, “Will Fed Trial Put ‘Hit’ on Chicago Mob?,” CBSNews.com, June 18, 2007.

Robinson, Mike, “Chicago Mob Trial Promises Drama,” Seattle Times, June 18, 2007.

RIPARIAN RIGHTS

New Jersey v. Delaware

Arnold, Craig, and Jewell, Leigh. Ed. Beyond Litigation: Case Studies in Water Rights Disputes. Environmental Law Institute, 2002.

Sherk, George. Dividing the Waters: The Resolution of Interstate Water Conflicts in the United States. Springer, 2000.

Wright, Kennth. Ed. Water Rights of the Eastern United States. American Water Works Association, 1998.

SECOND AMENDMENT

Virginia Tech Shootings Spur Federal Gun Control Legislation

Jacobs, James. Can Gun Control Work? Oxford University Press, 2004.

Spitzer, Robert. The Politics of Gun Control. 4th Ed. CQ Press, 2007.

Young, Mitchell, Ed. Gun Control. Greenhaven Press, 2006.

District of Columbia v. Heller

Martin, Jonathan, “NRA Plans $40M Campaign Blitz,” CBSNews.com, July 1, 2008.

Sherman, Mark, “Court Rules in Favor of Second Amendment Gun Right,” Associated Press, June 26, 2008.

SECURITIES

Supreme Court Dismisses Commodity Futures Case

Lash, Steve, “Justices Weigh Fight Over Futures Law,” Chicago Daily Law Bulletin, October 29, 2007.

Rummell, Nicholas, “Can a Futures Broker Sue an Exchange?,” Investment News, November 19, 2007.

Stoneridge Investment Partners LLC v. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.

Hazen, Thomas. Securities Regulation in a Nutshell, 9th Ed. West Group, 2006.

Palmiter, Allen. Security Regulation, 3rd Ed. Aspen Publishers, 2005.

Soderquist, Larry, and Gabaldon, Theresa. Securities Law: Concepts and Insights, 3rd Ed. Foundation Press, 2006.

SENTENCING

Begay v. U.S.

Associated Press, “Court Rules DUI Does Not Count as Violent Felony,” Houston Examiner, April 16, 2008.

Bamberger, Phylis Skloot and David J. Gottlieb, Practice Under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. Gaithersburg, Md.: Aspen Law and Business, 2001.

SENTENCING

Crack Cocaine Sentencing Disparities Addressed

Branham, Lynm. The Law of Sentencing and Corrections in a Nutshell. West Group, 2005.

Stith, Kate. Fear of Judging: Sentencing Guidelines in the Federal Courts. University of Chicago Press, 1998.

Tonry, Michael. Sentencing Matters. Oxford University Press, 2004.

Gall v. United States

Branham, Lynm. The Law of Sentencing and Corrections in a Nutshell. West Group, 2005.

Stith, Kate. Fear of Judging: Sentencing Guidelines in the Federal Courts. University of Chicago Press, 1998.

Tonry, Michael. Sentencing Matters. Oxford University Press, 2004.

Kimbrough v. United States

Branham, Lynm. The Law of Sentencing and Corrections in a Nutshell. West Group, 2005.

Stith, Kate. Fear of Judging: Sentencing Guidelines in the Federal Courts. University of Chicago Press, 1998.

Tonry, Michael. Sentencing Matters. Oxford University Press, 2004.

Logan v. United States

Branham, Lynm. The Law of Sentencing and Corrections in a Nutshell. West Group, 2005.

Stith, Kate. Fear of Judging: Sentencing Guidelines in the Federal Courts. University of Chicago Press, 1998.

Tonry, Michael. Sentencing Matters. Oxford University Press, 2004.

SEX OFFENSES

Human Rights Watch Report Critical of Sex Offender Laws

Crary, David. “Report Faults Sex Offender Laws.” Associated Press News Release, 12 September 2007. Available at http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=3592687

“Human Rights News: Sex Offender Laws May Do More Harm Than Good.” Human Rights Watch Press Release, 12 September, 2007. Available at http://hrw.org/english/docs/2007/09/06/usdom16819.htm

No Easy Answers: Sex Offender Laws in the United States, Available at http://hrw.org/reports/2007/us0907

Judge Rules Federal Mental Health Commitment of Sex Offenders Unconstitutional

“Adam Walsh Act.” Minnesota Dept. of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs, Commentary: Judicial Update, Fall 2007.

Franklin, Karen. “Federal Court Strikes Down Portion of Adam Walsh Act.” Forensic Psychologist Newsletter, 10 September 2007.

Oakes, Larry. “Minn. Judge Rules Federal Sex Offender Commitment Law Unconstitutional.” Minnesota Star-Tribune, 29 May 2008.

U.S. v. Comstock, No. 507 F. Supp. 2d 522 (E.D.N.C. 2007)

SEXUAL ABUSE

San Diego Diocese Settles Clergy Abuse Cases for $198 Million

Figueroa, Teri. “Judge Divvies Up San Diego Clergy Abuse Settlement.” North County Times, 7 December 2007.

Horsley, Scott. “San Diego Diocese Settles Abuse Claims.” NPR News, All Things Considered, 22 May 2008.

“Settlement Reached in Catholic Clergy Sexual Abuse Lawsuits.” Local 10 News, CNN Broadcasting System, San Diego. Available at http://www.10news.com/news/14065673/detail.html

“Settlement Reached in Salesian Priest Sex Abuse Case.” San Diego Union-Tribune, 15 May 2008.

SIXTH AMENDMENT

Indiana v. Edwards

Barnes, Robert, “High Court Weighs Self-Representation,” Washington Post, March 27, 2008.

Biskupic, Joan, “High Court Hears Ind. Mental Illness Case,” USA Today, March 26, 2008.

Rothgery v. Gillespie County

Graczyk, Michael, “Legal Help Too Slow in Texas Arrest, High Court Says,” Associated Press, June 23, 2008.

Mauro, Tony, “Supreme Court Says Right to Counsel Begins with First Appearance Before Judge,” Law.com, June 24, 2008.

Wright v. Van Patten

Federman, Cary. The Body And the State: Habeas Corpus And American Jurisprudence. New York, NY: State University of New York Press. 2006.

Frank, Jerome. Courts on Trial. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 1973.

Freedman, Eric. Habeas Corpus: Rethinking the Great Writ of Liberty. New York: New York Univ. Press. 2003.

SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY

Ali v. Federal Bureaus of Prisons

Chemerinsky, Erwin. Federal Jurisdiction. New York: Aspen Publishers. 2003. Fourth Edition.

Currie, David. Federal Jurisdiction in a Nutshell. Saint Paul, MN: West Group. 1999.

Wright, Charles Alan. Law of Federal Courts. Saint Paul, MN: West Group. 2002. Sixth Edition.

35W Bridge Collapse Liability Issues

Chemerinsky, Erwin. Federal Jurisdiction, 4th Ed. Aspen Publishers, 2003.

Currie, David. Federal Jurisdiction in a Nutshell. West Group, 1999.

Wright, Charles Alan. Law of Federal Courts, 6th Ed. West Group, 2002.

In Re: Katrina Canal Breaches Consolidated Litigation

Chemerinsky, Erwin. Federal Jurisdiction. New York: Aspen Publishers. 2003. Fourth Edition.

Currie, David. Federal Jurisdiction in a Nutshell. Saint Paul, MN: West Group. 1999.

Wright, Charles Alan. Law of Federal Courts. Saint Paul, MN: West Group. 2002. Sixth Edition.

Republic of the Philippines v. Pimentel

“Govt Wins Marcos Case in US High Court,” The Manila Times, June 14, 2008.

Yost, Pete, “U.S. Supreme Court Takes Up Case of Marcos Millions,” Honolulu Advertiser, March 17, 2008.

SPORTS LAW

Controversies Surround National Football League

Associated Press, “Redskins Safety Sean Taylor Dies One Day After Being Shot in Home,” FoxNews.com, November 27, 2007.

Clayton, John, “Minus a Whistle-Blower, Spygate Will Expire Quietly,” ESPN.com, May 8, 2008.

Former Sen. George Mitchell Issues Report on Steroids in Baseball

Wilson, Duff and Michael S. Schmidt, “Baseball Braces for Steroid Report from Mitchell,” New York Times, December 13, 2007.

Wilson, Duff and Michael S. Schmidt, “Clemens and McNamee Take Storites to the Hill,” New York Times, February 8, 2008.

STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS

John R. Sand & Gravel Company v. United States

Currie, David. Federal Jurisdiction in a Nutshell. West Group, 1999.

Lewis, Jr., Harold and Norman, Elizabeth. Civil Rights Law and Practice. West Group, 2004.

Vieira, Norman. Constitutional Civil Rights in a Nutshell. West Group, 1998.

TAXATION

Boulware v. United States

Burke, Karen. Federal Income Taxation of Corporations and Stockholders in a Nutshell. 5th Ed. West Group, 2002.

Cammack, Mark and Garland, Norman. Advanced Criminal Procedure in a Nutshell. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co. 2001.

McNulty, John, and Lathrope, Daniel. Federal Income Taxation of Individuals in a Nutshell. 7th Ed. West Group, 2004.

United States v. Clintwood Elkhorn Mining Company

“NFIB Weighs In on Tax Case Before the U.S. Supreme Court,” US Federal News, February 21, 2008.

“Supreme Court Rules in Tax Cases” Accounting Today, May 19, 2008.

Knight v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue

CCH Law. The Federal Income Tax of Decedents, Estates and Trusts. 23rd Ed. CCH Inc., 2007.

Mennell, Robert, and Burr, Sherri. Wills and Trusts in a Nutshell. West Pub., 2007.

McNulty, John, and McCouch, Grayson. Federal Estate and Gift Taxation. 6th Ed. West Pub., 2003.

Meadwestvaco v. Illinois Department of Revenue

MeadWestvaco Corp. v. Illinois Department of Revenue No. 06-1413, 553 U.S.—(2008) Available at www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/06-1413.htm

MeadWestvaco Corp. v. Illinois Department of Revenue No. 06-1413, 553 U.S.—(2008) The Oyez Project, available at http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2007/2007-06-43/

Sarkar, Deepa and Joe Hashmall. “MeadWestvaco Corp. v. Illinois Department of Revenue.” Legal Information Institute of the Cornell University School of Law, available at: http://www.law.cornell/edu/supct/cert/06-1413.html

TERRORISM

Jose Padilla Convicted on Terrorism Conspiracy Charges

Bovard, James. Terrorism and Tyranny. Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

Martin, Clarence. Understanding Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues. 2nd Ed. Sage Publications, 2006.

Richardson, Louise. Ed. The Roots of Terrorism. Routledge, 2006.

Federal District Courts Strike Down Parts of the Patriot Act

Associated Press, “Federal Judge Rules 2 Patriot Act Provisions Unconstitutional,” CNN.com, September 26, 2007.

Eggen, Dan, “Patriot Act Provisions Voided,” Washington Post, September 27, 2007, A2.

United States v. Ressam

Branigin, William, “High Court Affirms Terrorism Conviction,” Washington Post, May 20, 2008.

Shenon, Philip, “Mukasey Goes to Court to Argue a Terrorism Case,” New York Times, March 26, 2008.

TOBACCO

Rowe v. New Hampshire Motor Transport Association

Epstein, Richard. Federal Preemption. AEI Press, 2007.

O'Reilly, James. Federal Preemption of State and Local Law. American Bar Association, 2006.

Zimmerman, Joseph. Congressional Preemption. State University of New York Press, 2006.

TORTURE

Waterboarding and Other Tactics

“'03 U.S. Memo Approved Harsh Interrogations.” The New York Times, 2 April 2008.

Crawford-Greenburg, Jan and Ariane de Vogue, “Bush Administration Blocked Waterboarding Critic.” ABC News Report, 2 November 2007. Available at http://abcnews.abcnews.go.com/pring?id=3814076

“DOJ Memo Advised Military That Interrogations Not Limited by Criminal Law.” Paper Chase, The Jurist, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, 2 April 2008.

“Democrats Demand DOJ Interrogation Memos.” Paper Chase, The Jurist, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, 5 October 2007.

“DOJ Memos Supported ‘Severe’ Interrogation Tactics: NYT.” Paper Chase, The Jurist, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, 4 October 2007.

“Memo Reveals Bush Administration Legal Theory on Interrogation.” PBS-The Online News Hour Extra, 9 April 2008. Available at http://www.pbs.org/newshour/extra

Robinson, Dan. “Former US Attorney General Tells Congress Waterboarding Isn't Torture.” Voice of America, 17 July 2008.

Shane, Scott, et al. “Secret U.S. Endorsement of Severe Interrogations.” The New York Times, 4 October 2007.

TRUSTS

Knight v. Commissioner

Newby, Laurel, “Supreme Court Argument Report: Can Trusts Deduct Fees for Investment Advice?,” Law.com, February 20, 2008.

Notice 2008-32, Internal Revenue Bulletin, March 17, 2008.

VOTING RIGHTS

Crawford v. Marion County Bd. Of Elections

Burke, Victoria and Allison Condon. “Crawford v. Marion County Election Board.” Cornell University School of Law, Law Information Institute, available at www.law.cornell.edu/supct/cert/07-21.html

Crawford v. Marion County Election Board, No. 7-21,553 U.S.—, Available at www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/06-43.htm

Crawford v. Marion County Election Board No. 7-21, 553 U.S.—, The Oyez Project, available at http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2007/2007-07-21

Stout, David. “Supreme Court to Hear Case on Voter ID Law.” The New York Times, 25 September 2007.

Michigan Upholds Voter Photo ID

Advisory Opinion 130589, (July 18, 2007) Available at www.findlaw.com

Elmendorf, Christopher S. “Undue Burdens on Voter Participation.” University of California at Davis Legal Studies Research Paper No. 128, January 2008.

Stout, David. “Supreme Court to Hear Case on Voter ID Law.” The New York Times, 25 September 2007.

“The Nation: Michigan Voter ID Law OKd.” Los Angeles Times, 19 July 2007.

WIRETAPPING

2008 Amendments to FISA

“Congress Backs FISA, Hands Victory to Bush.” The Wahington York Times, Available at www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/jul/10/congress-backs-fisa-hands-victory-to-bush

Lichtblau, Eric. “Senate Approves Bill to Broaden Wiretap Powers.” The New York Times, 10 July 2008.

Loven, Jennifer. “Bush Signs New Rules on Government Wiretapping.” ABC News, 10 July 2008. Available at http://abcnes.go.com/story?id=5344932

“President Bush Signs H.R. 6304, FISA Amendments Act of 2008.” White House Press Release, 10 July 2008. Available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/07/20080710-2.html

BIBLIOGRAPHY

As in general bibliography, the development of Hebrew bibliography is characterized by the transition from brief listings to more detailed catalogues. The listing of the books of the Bible which appears in the Talmud (bb 14b, 15a) had as its purpose the fixing of an authoritative order for the biblical books as a guide for the copyists. Lists of books for broader purposes, among them those of the Cairo Genizah, have come down from the 11^th century. Sometimes these listings contain only the name of the book; in other cases, the author's name is also included. In some of the later booklists, short annotations also appear. Bibliographical lists within the biographical listings are found in genealogical works of the 16^th century, as in Sefer Yuḥasin by Abraham *Zacuto and in Shalshelet ha-Kabbalah by Gedaliah *Ibn Yaḥya. In the early part of the 17^th century several important ventures in the field of bibliography were undertaken. Johannes *Buxtorf the elder published De abbreviaturis hebraicis, liber novus et copiosus (Basle, 1613) in which he included a section on rabbinic literature entitled Bibliotheca rabbinica ordine alphabetico disposita. This listing of 324 works, arranged in alphabetical order by titles, is the first bibliographic catalogue of rabbinic literature. *Manasseh Ben Israel, in his listing of sources used by him in the first part of his Conciliador (Frankfurt, 1632), distinguished six categories of Hebrew literature: Talmud and Midrash; commentaries on these; commentaries on the Bible; Kabbalah; posekim and responsa; sermons, grammar, chronology, and legal literature. The first, however, to compile a true bibliography of Hebrew literature was Giulio *Bartolocci in his Bibliotheca Magna Rabbinica (4 vols., Rome, 1675–93; repr. 1969). The Christian scholar Carlo Giuseppe Imbonati added a fifth volume, Bibliotheca Latina Hebraica (Rome, 1694). Bartolocci's work is arranged in alphabetical order of authors, supplemented by a list of subjects in Latin and an abridged listing in Hebrew. Leone *Modena assisted the bishop of Lodève, J. Plantavit de la Pause; in his Bibliotheca Rabbinica (appended to his Florilegium Biblicum, 1645) by supplying him with a list of 500 names of rabbis, which he used for his alphabetic dictionary of 780 Hebrew books. The first Jewish bibliographer was Shabbetai *Bass whose Siftei Yeshenim (Amsterdam, 1680) contains a bibliography arranged by title, followed by the name of the author, the date and place of publication, the format, and some indication of content. The approximate number of listings in this bibliography is 2,200, including manuscripts. The third important pioneer bibliographer was another Christian, Johann Christoph *Wolf. He utilized the two previous bibliographies in compiling his own four-volume work, Bibliotheca Hebraea (Hamburg, 1715–33; repr. 1969). He corrected some of the material found in the earlier works, using the library of David b. Abraham *Oppenheim. The genealogical reference work of David *ConforteKore ha-Dorot (1746, 1846²) contains much valuable bibliographic material. It should be noted, also, that Jehiel *Heilperin included in his Seder ha-Dorot (Karlsruhe, 1769) the names of the books which are referred to in Bass' bibliography, though generally he omitted the place and year of publication, even when these were included in the Siftei Yeshenim. Especially valuable from a bibliographical standpoint is the H.J.D. *Azulai's Shem ha-Gedolim (1774–86, 1853, 1876), which contains an alphabetical listing of Hebrew books and manuscripts. Azulai noted every unusual Hebrew book or manuscript, even those in non-Jewish collections, which came to his notice in the course of his extensive travels without, however, always giving the date and place of publication. The major work of the Christian scholar G.B. *de' Rossi, Annales Hebraeo-Typographici Seculi xv (Parma, 1795), dealing with Hebrew incunabula, together with his Annales Hebraeo-Typographici ab anno 1501 ad 1540 (Parma, 1799), and the Dizionario storico degli autori Ebrei e delle loro opere (2 vols., Parma, 1802), as well as assorted lists of Hebrew publications from various Italian cities, serve as a transition to modern bibliography.

With the development of Jewish studies, Hebrew bibliography became a scientific discipline in its own right. L. *Zunz's Zur Geschichte und Literatur (1845) contains a complete section on bibliography (pp. 214–303), including material on the dates found in books; on printers and typography in Mantua from 1476 to 1662; and on Hebrew printing in Prague from 1513 to 1657. This work laid the foundation for modern Hebrew bibliography. In 1849 Julius *Fuerst published the first part of his Bibliotheca Judaica (3 vols., 1849–63). The book is neither all-inclusive nor completely accurate, but it is important in view of its comprehensiveness. It is arranged according to author, commentator, editor, and publisher, with an alphabetical index to the Hebrew works appended to the end of the third volume. The format of each book is noted, and sometimes the number of pages as well. The preceding bibliographies are overshadowed by the works of Moritz *Steinschneider, in particular by his Catalogus Librorum Hebraeorum in Bibliotheca Bodleiana (1852–60) and Die hebraeischen Uebersetzungen des Mittelalters (1893). These works set the definitive standard for modern Jewish bibliography. Another important bibliography is Isaac *Benjacob's Oẓar ha-Sefarim, (1877–80), listing Jewish books and manuscripts until 1863, and published by the author's son Jacob, together with notes by Steinschneider. By the late 19^th century Jewish bibliography, comprising Jewish literature in all languages, had undergone considerable development and today compares favorably with general bibliography. Aaron *Walden, who followed Azulai with the Shem ha-Gedolim he-Ḥadash (1864) included a section entitled, "A Catalogue of Books," which includes ḥasidic works absent from earlier listings. However, this listing was not done scientifically. William *Zeitlin, in his Kiryat Sefer, Bibliotheca Hebraica post-Mendelssohniana (1891–95), listed the works of the Haskalah movement to that date (more than 3,500 volumes). Ḥayyim David Lippe published a catalogue called Asaf ha-Mazkir (1881–89), "a complete listing of all the books, treatises, and Hebrew periodicals which appeared during the period 1880–1887." He also issued a follow-up catalogue, Asaf ha-Mazkir he-Ḥadash… (1899), "listing all the books, treatises, and periodicals which appeared during the period 1882–1898." From 1928 to 1931 H.D. *Friedberg published his Beit Eked Sefarim, a bibliographical lexicon covering the general field of Hebrew literature, with particular attention to books written in Hebrew and Yiddish; but also including works written in Italian, Latin, Greek, Spanish, Arabic, Persian, and Samaritan, and printed in Hebrew characters from 1475–1900, with their general content, author, date, place of publication, and number of pages. An expanded edition of this work appeared in 1951–54. Though not truly scientific in its approach, it is still very useful. The many, important studies of Abraham Yaari include Meḥkerei Sefer (1958), containing among its studies in Hebrew booklore a section on the catalogue of Israel. M. *Kasher and Dov Mandelbaum compiled a bibliography of works covering the years 500–1500 called Sarei ha-Elef (1959). Important monographs and articles in the field of Hebrew bibliography have been written by S. *Wiener, I. *Sonne, S. *Seeligmann, D. *Chwolson, A. *Jellinek, A.M. *Habermann, C. *Lieberman, A. *Marx, M. *Roest, G. *Kressel, J. *Zedner, I. *Rivkind, S. Shunami, N. Ben-Menahem, and others. The indispensable handbook today is S. Shunami's Bibliography of Jewish Bibliographies (1936, 1965²; repr. 1969, with supplement) which also includes sections on Jewish and Modern Hebrew literature (nos. 1146–1240; 4875–85) as well as on Judeo-German and Yiddish (nos. 1241–1357; 4586–95). In 1960 the Hebrew University, in cooperation with Mosad Bialik and the Ministry of Education and Culture, initiated the Institute for Hebrew Bibliography under the direction of N. Ben-Menahem. Its aim is to compile a definitive bibliographical listing of every Hebrew book which has been published up to 1960 (specimen brochure, 1964).

The first scholar to publish a special periodical devoted to Hebrew and Jewish bibliography was Steinschneider: Ha-Mazkir, Hebraeische Bibliographie, Blaetter fuer neuere und aeltere Literatur des Judenthums (hb, 1858–65, 1869–82). Nehemiah *Bruell continued Steinschneider's project in the bimonthly Centralanzeiger fuer juedische Literatur (1890) but succeeded in publishing it only during one year (6 issues). At the same time M. *Kayserling published his bibliographical dictionary of Spanish and Portuguese works on Judaism and Jews (the Biblioteca española-portugueza judaica, 1890). A few years later the Zeitschrift fuer Hebraeische Bibliographie (zhb; 1896–1921) appeared. The editor of volumes 1–3 was H. Brody; volumes 4–9 were edited jointly by Brody and A. Freimann; and the remaining volumes appeared under the editorship of Freimann alone. The two great authorities on the bibliography of Anglo-Jewish history are C. Roth's Magna Bibliotheca Anglo-Judaica (1937), and R.P. *Lehmann's Nova Bibliotheca Anglo-Judaica (1961), the latter dealing with the years 1937–60. The most important contemporary bibliographical journal is Kirjat Sepher (ks), a quarterly published since 1924 under the auspices of the Jewish National and University Library. Editors during the first two years were S.H. Bergmann and H. Pick, and after that I.B. Joel. Since 1953 a new bibliographical magazine, Studies in Bibliography and Booklore (sbb), has been published by the Hebrew Union College Library, Cincinnati. The Jewish Book Annual (jba; founded in 1942) published in New York also contains useful bibliographical material. Of Jewish bibliographic periodicals whose life-span was limited, the following deserve mention: En Hakore, edited by D.A. Friedman and Z. *Woyslawski, three issues (Berlin, 1923); Soncino-Blaetter, Beitraege zur Kunde des juedischen Buches, edited by H. *Meyer (3 vols., Berlin, 1925–30); and Journal of Jewish Bibliography, a quarterly edited by Joshua *Bloch (New York, 1938–43).

The first bookdealers' catalogue of secondhand Hebrew books was published in Amsterdam around 1640 by Manasseh Ben Israel, but no copy is now extant (cf. Roth in Aresheth, 2, 413–4). In 1652 his son Samuel published Catalogo de los Libros que Semuel ben Israel Soeiro vende, estampados todos nasua Typographia, adjuntos os preços, para que cada qual saibo o que valem. In this catalogue 65 books are noted together with their prices in Dutch currency. The earliest known auction sale catalogues are those of the libraries of two Amsterdam rabbis, Moses Raphael *d'Aguilar (1680) and Isaac *Aboab da Fonseca (1693). The only earlier commercial listings of Hebrew books are in manuscript form, such as some found in the Genizah, or the catalogue of Hebrew books printed in Venice prior to 1542, which came into the possession of Konrad Gesner and appeared in his Pandectarum sive partitionum universalium libri xxi (20 vols., Zurich 1548–49; cf. zhb, 10 (1906), 38–42). A catalogue of books compiled for business purposes was printed as an appendix to the collection of responsa by Joseph ibn Lev (vol. 4, Fuerth, 1692). Another commercial book listing, called Appiryon Shelomo, was published in 1730 by Solomon Proops, printer and bookdealer of Amsterdam. The advance in the field of Hebrew bibliography resulted in the publication of improved commercial catalogues (see *Booktrade). A number of these newer catalogues are of definite scientific value such as those of M. *Roest, R.N.N. Rabinowitz, L. Schwager and D. Fraenkel, J. Kauffmann, N.W. Bamberger and Wahrmann, Rosenthal (Munich, Oxford), and others. In addition, the detailed catalogues of such libraries as those of Oxford, Amsterdam, Leiden, Leningrad, Frankfurt, the British Museum, and the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, have proved extremely useful.

[Abraham Meir Habermann]

In 1975 Shunami published a supplement to the second edition of his Bibliography of Jewish Bibliographies (1965). The 500-page supplement contains information on over 2,000 bibliographies published between 1965 and 1975. In his introduction Shunami notes that this number compares with that for the first hundred years of the Wissenchaft des Judentums. He comments on the rapid growth of bibliographies relating to the Holocaust and to the State of Israel. On the other hand, the small number of entries related to Hebrew printing is a reflection of the decline of study of this subject with little extra interest having been aroused by the 500^th anniversary of Hebrew printing. There is also a decrease in entries relating to private collections, reflecting a decline in major Jewish book collectors. Shunami also decries the shortage of Jewish bibliographers.

bibliography:

S. Brisman, History and Guide to Judaic Bibliography (1977); C. Roth, in: Jewish Studies in Memory of Israel Abrahams (1927), 384–93; Shunami, Bibl, xiv–xv (Eng.), 7ff.; Urbach, in: ks, 15 (1938/39), 237–9; Assaf, ibid., 18 (1941/42), 272–81; Yaari, ibid., 21 (1944/45), 192–203; Zulay, ibid., 25 (1948/49), 203–5; Sonne, in: sbb, 1 (1953–54), 55–76; Aloni, in: Sefer Assaf (1953), 33–39; idem, in: Aresheth, 1 (1958), 44–60.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bibliography is the study of books as conceptual content and as physical objects. The books in question, once limited to hardbound objects available in bookstores, are today generally defined more broadly. The term "book" is now generally applied to all texts (be they published or in manuscript) that are meant to be permanent, including periodicals, maps, music, pictures, and ephemera, as well as materials preserved in the audiovisual and electronic media. The conceptual and physical aspects of these objects involve the two specialties of reference bibliography and analytical bibliography.

Reference Bibliography

Lists, inventories, footnotes, and prose essays are all ways in which readers and books can be brought together. To make these tools more useful to the reader, standard citations have been formulated for each situation. These citations emphasize content, even though the physical embodiment is inseparable.

A bibliographical citation typically consists of an entry that names

1. the creator of the text,
2. the title of the text, either as formally presented or in common usage,
3. a source where the text is available (i.e., an imprint statement that names the publisher or a statement that identifies the larger work, such as a periodical, in which the text appears), and
4. other specifics (such as date and place of publication, volume number, and pagination) that can be fitted into an established formula.

In some cases, an annotation or abstract, describing the content in a free-form prose statement, is appended to the above elements in a bibliography citation.

Systematic bibliography is the study of the compiling of lists; enumerative bibliography is the study of the use of those lists. The lists themselves, generally referred to as bibliographies, are often qualified by adjectives that designate a topic, genre, or approach. Examples of this include subject or national bibliographies (e.g., French bibliographies), author bibliographies (e.g., Milton bibliographies), and critical bibliographies. Among the offspring of bibliographies are discographies, for sound recordings in whatever physical form, and filmographies, for motion pictures in whatever physical form. Archival finding aids and calendars, museum inventories, and many merchandise displays are often closely modeled on bibliographical lists. Although bibliographies are usually thought of as things to be consulted, people do read them as well. For example, browsers who are in search of perspectives on a topic would read through complete bibliographies, as would browsers who are interested in surveying a topic's literature in its entirety.

Lists may be organized either in linear sequence on paper or randomly in computers. With printed lists, additional access often needs to be provided through the inclusion of indexes, classified lists, and tables of contents. With online lists, access depends on the vocabulary of searchable terms. Printed lists have the advantage of a structure that is visible to the reader. Online lists, however, may provide more current information. Each type depends on establishment of its credibility. Inevitably, bibliographies reflect their compilers' conceptions of the unity, totality, and structure of the topic they cover; along the way, the compilers define the topic itself and aspire to canonize their literature. Bibliographies at once both describe and prescribe—their statements inevitably promote the texts in the process of referring to them. At the same time, the precise uses of bibliographies are inevitably determined by their readers.

The difference between a catalog and a bibliography is still widely seen as one of function. While catalogs identify specific copies (e.g., of a book held by a library), bibliographies refer to writings in general (e.g., all books published on a topic). This distinction is now becoming obsolete, thanks to union catalogs that bring together writings or other media from many different library collections. These new types of catalogs can then work as bibliographies.

Bibliographic control (a concept that underlies the concern of the librarian for universal bibliographic control), along with its counterpart, bibliographical organization, involves strategies for making the entire world of books better available to readers. In the study of citation analysis, biblio-metrics employs statistics to evaluate bibliographical references and measure the patterns involved in the use of texts. As it offers gateways to the written literature of society, reference bibliography is obviously crucial to the communities of readers and to the use of books.

Analytical Bibliography

Books, in addition to being studied for their content, can be studied as physical objects, in terms of both the materials used in them (paper, type, ink) and the activities involved in producing them (type design and composition, illustration, house practices of layout and presswork, printing processes, as well as binding and preservation). Among its interrelated specialties, textual bibliography (sometimes considered to be the same as textual criticism) is the study of the relationship between the content of the text and the physical form of the text as it is envisioned by those who create its conceptual and physical artifacts. The physical presentation of a book—its typeface, paper quality, and overall design, for example— subtly affects the way the message is read. In overt ways, the text itself thus often comes to be distorted through misreadings, editorial changes, or printing errors. Descriptive bibliography then formulates in scrupulous detail the statements that identify the physical book. This type of bibliography allows the user to compare a particular copy of a book with other copies of the same title in order to spot the differences and to determine what the ideal copy was meant to look like.

The study of physical evidence ranges from the work of historians who confirm what exactly the text consisted of to the work of forensic specialists who uncover evidence of either authenticity or of tampering. Increasingly, this latter activity involves the scientific laboratory. The graphic arts, concerned with the visual presentation of words and/or pictures, are generally not seen as a branch of bibliography, although they are nonetheless essential to bibliography. Emphasizing printing as it does, physical bibliography has counterparts in the disciplines of paleography, which is concerned with manuscripts (those from the eras before printing in particular), and epigraphy, which is concerned with inscriptions and other writings on hard surfaces.

The study of physical bibliography has long been the specialty not only of printing historians but also of bibliophiles and antiquarian book dealers, whose concerns for authenticity are closely related to the use of books as historical evidence. The work of these individuals is of basic importance in the study of the historical role of communication in society, and the interrelationships between its written, electronic, and oral forms. Historical bibliography, since it recognizes names, places, titles, and events, involves the study of the tastes and cultural dynamics of physical books to uncover the relationships between books and history. The term "book history" is also coming to be used for this field of study; a fascination with French annales historians has also inspired the term " histoire du livre." Recorded knowledge, in its iconic and symbolic forms, is abundantly in evidence today, thanks in large part to physical bibliography.

See also:Cataloging and Knowledge Organization; Library Automation; Printing, History and Methods of.

Bibliography

Krummel, Donald W. (1984). Bibliographies: Their

Aims and Methods. London: Mansell.

Stokes, Roy. (1969). The Function of Bibliography. London: André Deutsch.

D. W. Krummel

bib·li·og·ra·phy / ˌbiblēˈägrəfē/ (abbr.: bibliog.) • n. (pl. -phies) a list of the books referred to in a scholarly work, usually printed as an appendix. ∎  a list of the books of a specific author or publisher, or on a specific subject: a bibliography of his publications. ∎  the history or systematic description of books, their authorship, printing, publication, editions, etc.: he regarded bibliography as a science. ∎  any book containing such information.DERIVATIVES: bib·li·og·ra·pher / -fər/ n.bib·li·o·graph·ic / -lēəˈgrafik/ adj.bib·li·o·graph·i·cal / -ˈgrafikəl/ adj.bib·li·o·graph·i·cal·ly adv.