MANNIX, DANIEL

Archbishop; b. Charleville, County Cork, Ireland, March 4, 1864; d. Melbourne, Australia, Nov. 6, 1963. After studies at St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, he was ordained (1890). He was appointed junior professor of philosophy there (1891), professor of theology (1894), and president of the college (1903). During his term as president, until 1912, Maynooth acquired the status of a university college, a constituent of the newly created National University of Ireland, in whose senate Mannix sat as a member. Mannix became coadjutor archbishop of Melbourne in 1912 and archbishop in 1917. During World War I he was a controversial figure as Australia's spokesman for Irish independence and a leader of the successful opposition to conscription of Australians for overseas military service. At the height of the troubles in Ireland Mannix went to Rome (1920) for his ad limina visit by way of the U.S., where he was greeted by large crowds in cities across the country. He sailed from New York amid scenes of extraordinary enthusiasm, and proposed to visit Ireland next, but two British destroyers intercepted his vessel off the Irish coast. The archbishop was removed, landed at Penzance, England, and forbidden to speak at the main centers of Irish population in England. In Australia Mannix gained a reputation as a national ecclesiastical leader, far-sighted, zealous, creative, and inspiring. During his 46 years as archbishop he established 108 parishes, more than 150 grade schools, 17 high schools, and 14 specialized schools for technical, commercial and domestic arts training. He founded Newman College for men and St. Mary's Hall for women at the University of Melbourne as well as the provincial seminary of Corpus Christi College. He also promoted Catholic Action, the Catholic press, the liturgical movement, and the Catholic social movement. He is buried in St. Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne which he saw completed in 1939.

Bibliography: f. murphy, Daniel Mannix, Archbishop of Melbourne (Melbourne 1948). r. speaight, "Some Recollections of a Great Pastor," Tablet 217 (Nov. 16, 1963) 1233.

[j. g. murtagh]